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Table 2 The preliminary forward UVMR results of significant relationship between COPD and its common comorbidities mainly based on IVW method (P < 0.05)

From: Unraveling the causality between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its common comorbidities using bidirectional Mendelian randomization

Exposure

Outcome

Method

nSNP

Beta

SE

P

OR

95% CI

COPD

Lung squamous carcinoma

IVW

12

0.564

0.211

0.008

1.757

1.162–2.657

MR-Egger

12

0.690

0.615

0.288

1.993

0.597–6.655

Weighted median

12

0.519

0.247

0.036

1.680

1.036–2.724

MR-PRESSO

12

0.149

0.458

0.752

1.160

0.472–2.849

Heart failure

IVW

13

0.120

0.040

0.002

1.127

1.043–1.218

MR-Egger

13

0.161

0.093

0.114

1.174

0.978–1.410

Weighted median

13

0.156

0.045

0.001

1.169

1.070-1.218

MR-PRESSO

13

0.120

0.040

0.011

1.127

1.043-1.218

Osteoporosis

IVW

13

0.179

0.073

0.014

1.197

1.037–1.381

MR-Egger

13

0.520

0.130

0.002

1.682

1.303–2.170

Weighted median

13

0.179

0.073

0.030

1.197

1.037–1.381

MR-PRESSO

13

0.212

0.080

0.008

1.236

1.056–1.447

Chronic periodontitis

IVW

13

0.193

0.079

0.015

1.213

1.038–1.417

MR-Egger

13

0.379

0.179

0.057

1.461

1.030–2.073

Weighted median

13

0.087

0.092

0.362

1.091

0.911–1.307

MR-PRESSO

13

0.342

0.097

 < 0.001

1.408

1.164–1.703

Chronic kidney disease

IVW

12

0.176

0.054

0.001

1.193

1.072–1.326

MR-Egger

12

0.270

0.125

0.056

1.310

1.025–1.675

Weighted median

12

0.193

0.068

0.005

1.213

1.061–1.387

MR-PRESSO

12

0.176

0.054

0.008

1.193

1.072–1.326

  1. Bold values represent P < 0.05 for the result
  2. CI confidence interval, IVW inverse variance weighted, OR odds ratio, SE standard error, SNPs single-nucleotide polymorphisms
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European Journal of Medical Research

ISSN: 2047-783X

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