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Table 1 Overview of DNA and UMOD quantities (median, IQR) in different fractions of various arms

From: Concentration strategies for spiked and naturally present biomarkers in non-invasively collected first-void urine

 

GAPDH (ng)

PhHV-1 (arbitrary copies)

HPV16 (DNA copies)

PsV (EGFP) (arbitrary copies)

UMOD (ng)

No PEG

 Baseline

311 (76–807)

1709 (1380–2120)

1330 (1110–1635)

189,500 (125,000–404500)

7.62 (4.71–10.84)

 Low-speed centrifugation

  Pellet

193 (41–388)

109 (52–638)

78 (58–255)

74,000 (48,138–107,125)

 

  Supernatant

23 (12–55)

1131 (961–1473)

979 (861–1223)

50,730 (32,728–130,388)

 

 Unspiked—no PEG

  Pellet

193 (51–756)

0 (0–0)

0 (0–0)

0 (0–0)

 

  Supernatant

14 (12–42)

0 (0–0)

0 (0–0)

0 (0–0)

 

 Spiked—no PEG

  Pellet

314 (80–786)

277 (66–984)

162 (98–1068)

177,500 (142,250–350000)

13.62 (8.19–17.98)

  Supernatant

11 (7–35)

768 (674–1169)

766 (408–1102)

20,093 (11,329–29,403)

2.01 (1.80–2.64)

PEG

 PEG6000

  Pellet

384 (104–1244)

928 (709- 2064)

1415 (133–1584)

266,750 (211,750–697125)

12.69 (4.36–21.33)

  Supernatant

1 (0–3)

118 (18–294)

47 (10–79)

2106 (1331–2642)

2.36 (1.49–3.35)

 PEG20000

  Pellet

486 (154–1323)

1188 (617–2130)

1290 (1103–1468)

197,500 (180,375–224375)

5.43 (3.49–19.35)

  Supernatant

0 (0–3)

346 (0–768)

65 (17–86)

2447 (1149–5572)

2.94 (1.98–4.00)

 Low-speed centrifugation + PEG6000

  Pellet

20 (11–43)

630 (226–943)

643 (549–1011)

67,500 (51,063–90750)

0.3 (0.19–0.36)

  Supernatant

2 (0–3)

224 (129–522)

116 (59–185)

2485 (841–4870)

1.80 (1.30–2.09)

 Low-speed centrifugation + PEG20000

  Pellet

15 (12–42)

620 (386–775)

615 (410–771)

67,100 (21,750–106500)

0.23 (0.16–0.31)

  Supernatant

3 (1–3)

226 (141–366)

211 (115–246)

9380 (6387–12,034)

2.48 (1.21–3.14)

  1. No PEG was added to the baseline samples, the low-speed centrifugation (5 min centrifugation at 1000×g), and the unspiked and spiked—no PEG arms (1 h centrifugation at 3000×g). Two different PEG precipitation protocols were evaluated separately or in combination with the low-speed centrifugation step