Table 2 Baseline characteristics before and after propensity score matching of cohort 2
| Â | Before matching | After matching | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Overall (N = 1877) | Optimal TWA-BG (N = 893) | High TWA-BG (N = 984) | SMD | Overall (N = 1058) | Optimal TWA-BG (N = 529) | High TWA-BG (N = 529) | SMD |
Age | 68.51 (14.01) | 67.33 (15.16) | 69.58 (12.78) | 0.16 | 68.07 (14.93) | 68.44 (15.31) | 67.70 (14.54) | 0.049 |
Gender (Female) | 677 (36.07%) | 316 (35.39%) | 361 (36.69%) | 0.027 | 385 (36.39%) | 191 (36.11%) | 194 (36.67%) | 0.012 |
Weight | 83.75 (21.63) | 82.07 (22.02) | 85.26 (21.17) | 0.148 | 83.22 (21.82) | 83.38 (22.29) | 83.05 (21.37) | 0.015 |
SAPS II | 45.05 (14.86) | 43.26 (14.06) | 46.67 (15.39) | 0.231 | 44.79 (14.93) | 44.94 (14.62) | 44.65 (15.25) | 0.019 |
SOFA score | 7.74 (3.79) | 7.63 (3.76) | 7.83 (3.81) | 0.053 | 7.57 (3.79) | 7.58 (3.80) | 7.56 (3.78) | 0.005 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 6.33 (2.65) | 5.64 (2.51) | 6.97 (2.62) | 0.518 | 6.18 (2.56) | 6.27 (2.52) | 6.10 (2.60) | 0.066 |
Interventions (Boolean for 1st 24 h) | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||||
CABG (YES) | 122 (6.50%) | 74 (8.29%) | 48 (4.88%) | 0.138 | 55 (5.20%) | 25 (4.73%) | 30 (5.67%) | 0.043 |
PCI (YES) | 75 (4.00%) | 34 (3.81%) | 41 (4.17%) | 0.018 | 50 (4.73%) | 26 (4.91%) | 24 (4.54%) | 0.018 |
IABP (YES) | 313 (16.68%) | 151 (16.91%) | 162 (16.46%) | 0.012 | 188 (17.77%) | 89 (16.82%) | 99 (18.71%) | 0.049 |
PiCCO (YES) | 7 (0.37%) | 2 (0.22%) | 5 (0.51%) | 0.047 | 4 (0.38%) | 2 (0.38%) | 2 (0.38%) |  < 0.001 |
NICOM (YES) | 53 (2.82%) | 16 (1.79%) | 37 (3.76%) | 0.12 | 27 (2.55%) | 15 (2.84%) | 12 (2.27%) | 0.036 |
Mechanical ventilation (YES) | 1111 (59.19%) | 545 (61.03%) | 566 (57.52%) | 0.071 | 614 (58.03%) | 304 (57.47%) | 310 (58.60%) | 0.023 |
Sedative therapy (YES) | 1142 (60.84%) | 566 (63.38%) | 576 (58.54%) | 0.099 | 637 (60.21%) | 315 (59.55%) | 322 (60.87%) | 0.027 |
Comorbidities (Boolean) | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||||
HF (YES) | 1490 (79.38%) | 686 (76.82%) | 804 (81.71%) | 0.121 | 851 (80.43%) | 427 (80.72%) | 424 (80.15%) | 0.014 |
Hypertension (YES) | 1387 (73.89%) | 618 (69.20%) | 769 (78.15%) | 0.204 | 764 (72.21%) | 383 (72.40%) | 381 (72.02%) | 0.008 |
AFIB (YES) | 438 (23.34%) | 216 (24.19%) | 222 (22.56%) | 0.038 | 255 (24.10%) | 129 (24.39%) | 126 (23.82%) | 0.013 |
T2DM (YES) | 755 (40.22%) | 157 (17.58%) | 598 (60.77%) | 0.987 | 321 (30.34%) | 156 (29.49%) | 165 (31.19%) | 0.037 |
Renal (YES) | 732 (39.00%) | 286 (32.03%) | 446 (45.33%) | 0.276 | 393 (37.15%) | 202 (38.19%) | 191 (36.11%) | 0.043 |
Liver (YES) | 68 (3.62%) | 39 (4.37%) | 29 (2.95%) | 0.076 | 35 (3.31%) | 16 (3.02%) | 19 (3.59%) | 0.032 |
COPD (YES) | 310 (16.52%) | 148 (16.57%) | 162 (16.46%) | 0.003 | 173 (16.35%) | 84 (15.88%) | 89 (16.82%) | 0.026 |
CAD (YES) | 1169 (62.28%) | 519 (58.12%) | 650 (66.06%) | 0.164 | 646 (61.06%) | 326 (61.63%) | 320 (60.49%) | 0.023 |
Stroke (YES) | 166 (8.84%) | 89 (9.97%) | 77 (7.83%) | 0.075 | 86 (8.13%) | 45 (8.51%) | 41 (7.75%) | 0.028 |
Malignancy (YES) | 203 (10.82%) | 87 (9.74%) | 116 (11.79%) | 0.066 | 115 (10.87%) | 61 (11.53%) | 54 (10.21%) | 0.043 |
Cardiomyopathy (YES) | 569 (30.31%) | 286 (32.03%) | 283 (28.76%) | 0.071 | 332 (31.38%) | 166 (31.38%) | 166 (31.38%) |  < 0.001 |
HVD (YES) | 837 (44.59%) | 430 (48.15%) | 407 (41.36%) | 0.137 | 452 (42.72%) | 228 (43.10%) | 224 (42.34%) | 0.015 |
Vital signs (1st 24 h) | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||||
MAP | 78.49 (18.82) | 79.14 (17.98) | 77.90 (19.54) | 0.066 | 79.05 (18.64) | 79.04 (16.86) | 79.06 (20.27) | 0.001 |
Temperature | 36.47 (0.88) | 36.43 (0.87) | 36.51 (0.89) | 0.098 | 36.52 (0.85) | 36.51 (0.80) | 36.53 (0.90) | 0.02 |
Heart rate | 91.41 (20.53) | 90.66 (20.13) | 92.10 (20.88) | 0.07 | 92.43 (20.70) | 92.29 (20.55) | 92.56 (20.87) | 0.013 |
CVP | 15.22 (19.51) | 15.30 (22.51) | 15.14 (15.64) | 0.008 | 14.12 (7.03) | 14.18 (7.27) | 14.06 (6.78) | 0.017 |
CO | 4.46 (1.52) | 4.39 (1.59) | 4.59 (1.39) | 0.135 | 4.50 (1.46) | 4.45 (1.52) | 4.59 (1.37) | 0.092 |
Laboratory tests (1st 24 h) | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||||
WBC count | 14.29 (9.31) | 13.75 (7.07) | 14.78 (10.93) | 0.112 | 14.21 (7.72) | 14.22 (7.71) | 14.21 (7.74) | 0.002 |
Hemoglobin | 10.64 (2.47) | 10.64 (2.54) | 10.64 (2.42) |  < 0.001 | 10.81 (2.52) | 10.82 (2.57) | 10.81 (2.48) | 0.002 |
Platelet | 202.61 (101.30) | 194.65 (101.79) | 209.84 (100.35) | 0.15 | 205.15 (101.30) | 206.31 (107.18) | 203.99 (95.15) | 0.023 |
pH | 7.34 (0.11) | 7.35 (0.10) | 7.34 (0.11) | 0.117 | 7.34 (0.11) | 7.34 (0.11) | 7.35 (0.11) | 0.023 |
PO2 | 175.00 (123.67) | 189.81 (128.89) | 161.55 (117.19) | 0.23 | 172.95 (122.15) | 174.19 (123.94) | 171.71 (120.43) | 0.02 |
PCO2 | 40.59 (12.17) | 40.49 (11.67) | 40.69 (12.61) | 0.017 | 40.34 (11.86) | 40.22 (11.44) | 40.47 (12.27) | 0.022 |
Lactate | 3.15 (2.55) | 3.03 (2.42) | 3.25 (2.66) | 0.087 | 3.15 (2.58) | 3.14 (2.56) | 3.16 (2.60) | 0.007 |
Creatinine | 1.93 (1.56) | 1.83 (1.69) | 2.02 (1.43) | 0.119 | 1.85 (1.45) | 1.86 (1.54) | 1.85 (1.35) | 0.004 |
Outcomes (Boolean) | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||||
28-day mortality (Death) | 551 (29.36%) | 204 (22.84%) | 347 (35.26%) | 0.276 | 317 (29.96%) | 132 (24.95%) | 185 (34.97%) | 0.22 |
ICU mortality (Death) | 374 (19.93%) | 129 (14.45%) | 245 (24.90%) | 0.265 | 215 (20.32%) | 81 (15.31%) | 134 (25.33%) | 0.251 |
In-hospital mortality (Death) | 503 (26.80%) | 186 (20.83%) | 317 (32.22%) | 0.26 | 291 (27.50%) | 120 (22.68%) | 171 (32.33%) | 0.217 |
Length of stay (days) | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||||
ICU LOS | 7.75 (8.11) | 7.88 (8.25) | 7.62 (7.99) | 0.031 | 7.77 (8.23) | 7.88 (8.03) | 7.66 (8.44) | 0.026 |
In-hospital LOS | 14.66 (15.84) | 15.31 (17.46) | 14.08 (14.19) | 0.077 | 15.29 (17.78) | 16.45 (20.65) | 14.12 (14.26) | 0.131 |