Table 2 Characteristics of participants and associations with cognitive impairment (defined as MMSE score < 26)
Characteristic | Category | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Female | 1 (ref.) | – |
Male | 1.12 (0.77–1.61) | 0.557 | |
Atherosclerosis manifestations | No atherosclerosis | 1 (ref.) | – |
1 vascular bed | 2.42 (1.37–4.27) | 0.002 | |
≥ 2 vascular beds | 4.61 (2.34–9.07) | < 0.001 | |
Age group | < 60 years | 1 (ref.) | – |
60–69 years | 1.60 (0.74–3.47) | 0.234 | |
70–79 years | 3.39 (1.69–6.82) | 0.001 | |
≥ 80 years | 7.87 (3.88–15.97) | < 0.001 | |
BMI, kg/m2 | < 25 | 1 (ref.) | – |
25–30 | 0.80 (0.54–1.19) | 0.277 | |
> 30 | 1.10 (0.72–1.68) | 0.657 | |
Diabetes mellitus Type 2 | No | 1 (ref.) | – |
Yes | 1.83 (1.29–2.60) | 0.001 | |
Hypertension | No | 1 (ref.) | – |
Yes | 1.53 (0.97–2.41) | 0.069 | |
CKD | No | 1 (ref.) | – |
Yes | 2.45 (1.73–3.47) | < 0.001 | |
Current smoking | No | 1 (ref.) | – |
Yes | 0.79 (0.53–1.23) | 0.296 | |
APO e4 carrier | No | 1 (ref.) | – |
Yes | 0.82 (0.55–1.24) | 0.352 |