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Table 2 Logistic Regression models P, A, P+A, B1, P+A+B1, B2, and P+A+B1+B2

From: The sequential trauma score - a new instrument for the sequential mortality prediction in major trauma*

Variable

Regression coefficient β

p value

Odds ratio (eβ)

CI 95%

Model P (Patients basic data)

    

Age ≥ 60

1.234

< 0.001

3.44

2.57-4.60

constant

-2.268

< 0.001

-

-

Model A (Prehospital phase)

    

Blood pressure < 90 mmHg

0.891

< 0.001

2.44

1.66-3.59

Pulse rate ≥ 120/min

0.554

0.018

1.74

1.10-2.76

GCS ≤ 8 on-scene

1.228

< 0.001

3.41

2.47-4.72

Anisocoria

1.164

< 0.001

3.20

2.28-4.51

Constant

-2.911

< 0.001

-

-

Model P + A

    

Age = 60

1.653

< 0.001

5.23

3.72-7.34

Blood pressure < 90 mmHg

0.983

< 0.001

2.67

1.79-3.99

Pulse rate = 120/min

0,780

0.001

2.18

1.35-3.53

GCS = 8 on-scene

1.353

< 0.001

3.87

2.75-5.44

Anisocoria

1.311

< 0.001

3.71

2.59-5.32

Constant

-3.566

< 0.001

-

-

Model B1 (early trauma room phase)

    

Oxygen saturation < 90%

0.748

0.011

2.11

1.18-3.77

Base excess > -8

1.306

< 0.001

3.69

2.47-5.23

Thromboplastin time < 50%

0.997

< 0.001

2.71

1.85-3.97

GCS ≤ 8 on trauma room admission

0.730

< 0.001

2.08

1.40-3.08

Anisocoria during trauma room phase

1.907

< 0.001

6.73

4.75-9.53

Constant

-3.289

< 0.001

-

-

Model P + A + B1

    

Age ≥ 60

1.663

< 0.001

5.28

3.69-7.54

Blood pressure < 90 mmHg on-scene

0.602

0.008

1.83

1.17-2.85

GCS ≤ 8 on-scene

1.110

< 0.001

3.03

2.10-4.38

Anisocoria on-scene

0.700

0.004

2.01

1.25-3.25

oxygen saturation < 90% in trauma room

0.756

0.014

2.13

1.17-3.89

Base excess ≤ -8

1.316

< 0.001

3.73

2.40-5.80

Thromboplastin time < 50%

0.947

< 0.001

2.58

1.72-3.90

Anisocoria during trauma room phase

1.294

< 0.001

3.65

2.25-5.91

Constant

-3.901

< 0.001

-

-

Model B2 (late trauma room phase)

    

CCCM in trauma room

1.074

0.003

2.93

1.45-5.90

Blood transfusion

0.432

0.018

1.54

1.01-2.21

Massive transfusion (≥ 10 PRBC)

0.850

0.001

2.34

1.41-3.86

AIShead ≥ 3

0.987

< 0.001

2.68

1.84-3.92

AISmax

-

< 0.001

-

-

AISmax = 4, or:

0.549

0.048

1.73

1.00-3.28

AISmax = 5

2.483

< 0.001

12.00

6.63-21.64

Constant

-4.235

< 0.001

-

-

Model P + A + B1 + B2 (final model)

    

Age ≥ 60

1.730

< 0.001

5.64

3.81-8.36

GCS ≤ 8 on-scene

0.752

< 0.001

2.12

1.42-3.20

Anisocoria on-scene

0.647

0.018

1.91

1.12-3.28

CCCM in trauma room

1.333

0.001

3.80

1.67-8.63

Massive transfusion (≥ 10 PRBC)

0.772

0.006

2.17

1.25-3.75

Base excess > -8

0.980

< 0.001

2.66

1.64-4.31

Thromboplastin time < 50%

0.711

0.003

2.04

1.28-3.23

Anisocoria during trauma room phase

1.251

< 0.001

3.45

2.03-6.01

AISmax

-

< 0.001

-

-

AISmax = 4, or:

0.345

0.280

1.41

0.94-2.73

AISmax = 5

2.199

< 0.001

9.02

4.92-16.51

Constant

-4.857

< 0.001

-

-

  1. P Patients basic data; A Prehospital phase; B1 early trauma room phase; B2 late trauma room phase; GCS Glasgow outcome scale; CCCM closed chest cardiac massage; PRBC packed red blood cells; AIS abbreviated injury scale; Regression coefficient and ORs for the variable AISmax are not applicable due to the fact that this is a dummy variable. n = 2,354 patients, logistic regression (stepwise forward) with target variable mortality; variables sorted according to ATLS® A, B, C, D, E-criteria.