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Table 1 Parameters of coughing after iv and icv application of increasing doses of codeinum dihydrogenphosphate (mg/kg).

From: Central antitussive effect of codeine in the anesthetized rabbit

IV

9 rabbits - 7 males + 2 females (3.71 ± 0.15 kg)

dose

CN

% dif DIA

% dif ABD

% dif EP I

%dif EP E

saline

2.6 ± 0.7

100

100

100

100

0.2

1.9 ± 0.5

80 ± 9

73 ± 15

94 ± 8

66 ± 13

0.8

1.9 ± 0.5

97 ± 13

83 ± 12

90 ± 13

81 ± 17

4

1.2 ± 0.4**

63 ± 14

51 ± 12*+

68 ± 12

52 ± 13++

ANOVA

P < 0.05

P > 0.05

P < 0.05

P > 0.05

P > 0.05

ICV

9 rabbits - 5 males + 4 females (3.94 ± 0.15 kg)

dose

CN

% dif DIA

% dif ABD

% dif EP I

%dif EP E

aCSF

2.3 ± 0.6

100

100

100

100

0.02

1.5 ± 0.3

84 ± 18

102 ± 27

97 ± 21

91 ± 17

0.08

1.0 ± 0.2*++

79 ± 14

85 ± 19

102 ± 16

86 ± 19

0.4

0.8 ± 0.2**++

64 ± 17

50 ± 19*+#&

101 ± 26

50 ± 16*

recovery

2.5 ± 0.4

87 ± 8

117 ± 10

134 ± 18

89 ± 10

ANOVA

P = 0.001

P > 0.05

P < 0.05

P > 0.05

P < 0.05

  1. CN - cough number, DIA - diaphragmatic EMG activity, ABD - abdominal EMG ativity, EP - esophageal pressure, I & E - inspiratory & expiratory components of esophageal pressure trace.
  2. * P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with control (saline or aCSF);
  3. + P < 0.05, ++P < 0.01 compared with control stimulations (5th series of stimulation trials without injection);
  4. # P < 0.05 - codeine 0.4 mg/kg compared with recovery;
  5. &P < 0.05 - codeine 0.02 mg/kg compared with codeine 0.4 mg/kg.