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Table 2 Relationship with environmental factors in the entire population of NAR patients

From: Relationship between environment factors and the number of outpatient visits at a clinic for nonallergic rhinitis in Japan, extracted from electronic medical records

Meteorological event

Mean

SD

Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r)

 

p

Number

Exclusiona

Multiple regression analysis correlation coefficientb

 

SE

Standard regression coefficient (β)

t

p

Coefficient of determinationd (β × r)

 

Mean station pressure (hPa)

997.250

19.490

−0.013

 

0.800

365

 

0.006

 

0.003

0.094

1.856

0.064

<0.001

 

Mean sea-level pressure (hPa)

1010.760

19.719

0.019

 

0.720

365

+

        

Minimum sea-level pressure (hPa)

1009.760

3.850

−0.107

*

0.041

365

+

        

Total precipitation (mm)

2.080

3.064

0.087

 

0.098

365

 

0.025

 

0.035

0.058

0.724

0.470

0.005

 

Maximum hourly precipitation (mm)

0.941

1.332

0.043

 

0.409

365

+

        

Maximum 10-min precipitation (mm)

0.402

0.595

0.036

 

0.493

365

 

0.282

 

0.197

0.125

1.433

0.153

<0.001

 

Mean temperature (°C)

15.321

9.009

−0.269

**

<0.0001

365

 

−0.146

 

0.300

−0.961

−0.488

0.626

0.259

 

Maximum temperature (°C)

20.726

9.087

−0.252

**

<0.0001

365

 

0.208

 

0.317

1.372

0.655

0.513

−0.346

 

Minimum temperature (°C)

10.888

9.161

−0.274

**

<0.0001

365

+

        

Temperature difference (°C)c

9.838

1.639

0.205

**

<0.0001

365

 

0.281

 

0.221

0.344

1.274

0.204

0.071

 

Mean vapor pressure (hPa)

12.354

8.064

−0.290

**

<0.0001

365

 

−0.162

**

0.055

−0.942

−2.942

0.003

0.273

*

Mean humidity (%)

58.978

10.226

−0.320

**

<0.0001

365

 

−0.042

 

0.030

−0.315

−1.373

0.171

0.101

 

Minimum humidity (%)

38.117

9.961

−0.311

**

<0.0001

365

 

0.001

 

0.037

0.007

0.026

0.979

<0.001

 

Mean wind speed (m/s)

3.019

0.638

0.330

**

<0.0001

365

 

−0.134

 

0.285

−0.063

−0.471

0.638

−0.021

 

Maximum wind speed (m/s)

6.159

1.141

0.361

**

<0.0001

365

 

0.022

 

0.154

0.019

0.142

0.887

0.007

 

Maximum instantaneous wind speed (m/s)

10.898

2.298

0.359

**

<0.0001

365

+

        

Duration of daylight (h)

6.666

2.029

0.131

*

0.012

365

 

−0.165

 

0.129

−0.249

−1.280

0.202

−0.033

 

Total global solar radiation (MJ/mm2)

15.098

4.701

0.148

**

0.005

365

 

−0.045

 

0.064

−0.156

−0.700

0.485

−0.023

 

Total snowfall (cm)

0.017

0.087

0.065

 

0.216

365

 

−0.492

 

0.785

−0.032

−0.627

0.531

<0.001

 

Maximum snow depth (cm)

0.022

0.122

0.065

 

0.214

365

+

        

Mean cloud cover (%)

5.970

2.094

−0.148

**

0.005

365

 

0.326

**

0.090

0.505

3.606

<0.0001

−0.075

*

Sulfur dioxide (ppm)

0.002

0.000

−0.359

**

<0.0001

365

 

−551.346

**

193.043

−0.162

−2.856

0.005

0.058

*

Nitric oxide (ppm)

0.001

0.001

−0.409

**

<0.0001

365

 

−251.464

**

95.798

−0.220

−2.625

0.009

0.090

*

Nitrogen dioxide (ppm)

0.008

0.002

−0.147

**

0.005

365

 

−111.394

 

66.856

−0.153

−1.666

0.097

0.022

 

Nitrogen oxides (ppm)

0.010

0.003

−0.212

**

<0.0001

365

+

        

Carbon monoxide (ppm)

0.228

0.056

0.145

**

0.006

365

 

4.641

 

3.277

0.193

1.416

0.158

0.028

 

Photochemical oxidant (ppm)

0.034

0.009

0.404

**

<0.0001

365

 

−10.868

 

27.290

−0.070

−0.398

0.691

−0.028

 

Non-methane hydrocarbons (ppbC)

0.203

0.069

−0.165

**

0.002

365

 

1.951

 

1.541

0.100

1.266

0.206

−0.017

 

Methane (ppbC)

1.958

0.059

−0.400

**

<0.0001

365

 

−2.079

 

1.214

−0.082

−1.713

0.088

0.033

 

Total hydrocarbon content (ppbC)

2.161

0.101

−0.208

**

<0.0001

365

+

        

Suspended particulate matter (mg/m3)

0.015

0.007

0.017

 

0.748

365

 

31.455

 

20.917

0.151

1.504

0.134

<0.001

 
  1. *<0.05; **<0.01
  2. aFactors with partial correlations of >0.9 were excluded from one side (+)
  3. bForced-entry multiple regression analysis with the 1-week moving average of the total number of NAR patients serving as the dependent variable and environmental factors serving as independent variables (F = 17.327, p < 0.001, R 2 = 0.546)
  4. cMaximum temperature – minimum temperature
  5. dCoefficients of determination calculated from significant correlation coefficients and significant regression coefficients are marked with an asterisk
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European Journal of Medical Research

ISSN: 2047-783X

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