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Table 3 Immunohistochemical analysis of chemokine expression in healthy skin compared with injured human skin

From: Chemokine ligand–receptor interactions critically regulate cutaneous wound healing

Genes

 

Normal skin

Day 2 p.o.

Day 5 p.o.

Day 9 p.o.

Day 12 p.o.

Genes

 

Normal skin

Day 2 p.o.

Day 5 p.o.

Day 9 p.o.

Day 12 p.o.

CCR1

Neutrophil

CCL1

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

+

++

++

+

+

I-309

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

+

+

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

 

Endothelial cell

++

+++

+++

+++

++

CCR2α

Neutrophil

CCL4

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

MIP-

Macrophage

+

++

++

+

+

 

Lymphocyte

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

 

Keratinocyte

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

+

++

++

+

+

 

Endothelial cell

+

++

+

+

+

CCR2β

Neutrophil

CCL11

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

+

++

++

+

+

eotaxin

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

+

+

+

+

 

Lymphocyte

+

+

+

 

Keratinocyte

 

Keratinocyte

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

+

++

++

+++

++

 

Endothelial cell

 

Endothelial cell

+

+

+++

+++

+

CCR3

Neutrophil

CCL17

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

TARC

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

+

++

++

+

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

+

+

 

Keratinocyte

+

++

++

+

+

 

Fibroblast

+

++

++

+

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

+

+

++

++

+

 

Endothelial cell

+

+++

+++

++

+

CCR4

Neutrophil

CCL18

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

DC-CK1

Macrophage

+

+

+

 

Lymphocyte

++

++

+

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

+

+

 

Keratinocyte

+

++

++

++

+

 

Fibroblast

+

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

+

+

++

++

+

 

Endothelial cell

CCR5

Neutrophil

CCL20

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

MIP-3α

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

++

+++

+++

++

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

 

Endothelial cell

CCR6

Neutrophil

CCL24

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

eotaxin-2

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

++

++

++

++

++

 

Keratinocyte

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

++

++

++

++

 

Endothelial cell

+

+

++

++

+

CCR8

Neutrophil

CCL27

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

+

++

++

+

+

CTACK

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

+

+

+

+

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

++

+

+

+

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

+

+

++

++

+

 

Endothelial cell

CCR10

Neutrophil

CXCL8

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

IL-8

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

+

++

++

++

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

+++

++

++

+

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

++

+

+++

++

++

 

Endothelial cell

+

++

++

++

+

CXCR1

Neutrophil

CXCL9

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

Mig

Macrophage

+++

++

+

 

Lymphocyte

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

+

+

 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

+

+

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

+

++

++

++

+

 

Endothelial cell

CXCR2

Neutrophil

+

+

CXCL10

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

IP-10

Macrophage

 

Lymphocyte

 

Lymphocyte

 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

+

+

 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

+

+

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

++

++

 

Endothelial cell

+

++

+

CXCR3

Neutrophil

CXCL12

Neutrophil

 

Macrophage

SDF-1α

Macrophage

+

+++

+++

++

+

 

Lymphocyte

 

Lymphocyte

     
 

Keratinocyte

+

++

+++

+

+

 

Keratinocyte

 

Fibroblast

 

Fibroblast

 

Endothelial cell

+

 

Endothelial cell

+

++

+++

+++

+

CXCR4

Neutrophil

       
 

Macrophage

+

+++

+++

+

+

       
 

Lymphocyte

 

+

+

+

+

       
 

Keratinocyte

+

+

+

++

++

       
 

Fibroblast

       
 

Endothelial cell

+

+

+

+

+

       
  1. Cryosections (6 µm) of skin samples, derived either from healthy subjects or from subjects who are going through an acne inversa treatment (2, 5, 9 and 12 days after trauma) with secondary wound healing were stained with antibodies directed against the listed chemokine and chemokine receptors. Representative results from four different donors. +, weak; ++, moderate; +++, strong staining