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Table 2 Grading of facet joint osteoarthritis (FJO)

From: Associations between facet tropism and vertebral rotation in patients with degenerative lumbar disease

Degeneration degree

Standard

I (normal)

Normal facet joint (joint gap is 2–4 mm)

II (mild)

Narrow space (< 2 mm) and/or mild osteophytes and/or mild hypertrophy of facet joints

III (moderate)

Narrow space (< 2 mm) and/or moderate osteophytes and/or moderate hypertrophy of facet joints and/or mild erosion of subarticular cartilage

IV (severe)

Narrow space (< 2 mm) and/or large osteophytes and/or severe hypertrophy of facet joints and/or severe erosion of subarticular cartilage and/or subchondral cysts