Table 3 List of published MSC-based clinical studies for COVID-19 treatment
From: Potential therapeutic options for COVID-19: an update on current evidence
Source of MSCs | Study type and number of enrollment (N) | Country | Results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Umbilical cord | Double-blind clinical trial phase 1/2a; 24 | USA | No adverse events, decreasing IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, and GM-CSF | [111] |
Umbilical cord | Clinical trial phase 2; 101 | China | Reducing the proportions of solid component lesion volume, no adverse events | [112] |
Umbilical cord | Clinical trial phase 1;18 | China | No adverse events, Decreasing IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1 | [113] |
Umbilical cord | Randomized clinical trial; 41 | China | No adverse effects, decreasing CRP and IL-6 | [114] |
Umbilical cord and placental | Randomized clinical trial phase 1; 11 | Iran | No serious adverse events, decreasing TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-6, and CRP | [115] |
Menstrual blood-derived MSCs | Pilot clinical trial; 2 | China | FiO21 decreased, SaO22 and PO23 improved, and adsorbing bilateral lung exudate lesions | [116] |
Menstrual blood-derived MSCs | Phase I clinical trial; 44 | China | Lower mortality, SpO2 was improved | [117] |
AT-MSC | Randomized clinical trial phase 1; 13 | Spain | No adverse events, reducing IL-6, CRP, LDH ferritin, and D-dimer, and increasing lymphocytes | [118] |
Unknown | Pilot clinical trial; 10 | China | No adverse events reduced CRP and TNF-α, increased IL-10, normalization of immune cell populations | [119] |