Table 2 Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review
Author, country and year | Goals | Database/Keywords | Sample size | Age of patients | Inclusion of a restrictive diet | Type of study | Clinical results after using probiotics | Severity of the clinical SCORAD presented | Probiotics | Form of administration | Quality assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Roessler et al., Alemanha 2007 [31] | To investigate the influence of triple-lineage probiotic ingestion on clinical, immunological, and fecal parameters of AD patients and healthy adults | Pubmed/Atopic dermatitis; probiotics | Total sample (n = 30): 15 healthy adults 15 Patients with moderate AD | 24 ± 3 | No | Clinical trial | Presence of L. paracasei and B. lactis in the feces of patients after probiotic supplementation | Study showed improvement in SCORAD in patients with probiotic intervention in its 8 weeks of administration. There was no statistical difference between groups | S. thermophilus enriched with probiotic cultures L. paracasei Lpc-37, L. acidophilus 74–2 and B. lactis DGCC 420 for 8 weeks | Oral: daily Yogurt drink | A |
Kaur et al., Estonia 2008 [33] | Investigation and regular use of emollients combined with ingestion of probiotics lessens the influence of environmental irritants and allergens that exacerbate inflammation and in AD patients | Google Scholar/Atopic dermatitis, probiotics | -Patients aged 20–42 years with mild to moderate AD (n = 16): 10 patients probiotic group 6 patients in placebo group | 26 ± 6,4 | No | Clinical trial | Reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation in the skin and blood after the use of probiotics | SCORAD reduction in the probiotic and placebo groups | L. fermentum ME-3 for 12 weeks | Oral: daily fermented goat milk with probiotic | A |
Drago et al., Itália 2011 [32] | Evaluate the clinical and immunological effects of the ingestion of the probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius LS01 in the treatment of adult patients with severe and moderate atopic dermatitis | Pubmed/Atopic dermatitis, probiotics | Patients aged 18 to 46 years with moderate/severe AD (n = 38): 19 patients in the placebo group 19 patients in the treated group | 30,46 ± 1,33 | No | Clinical trial | Reduction of Th1 cytokines (IL-12 + IFNy) after 4 months (p = 0.03) | A significant reduction in SCORAD observed after the 4 months of probiotic use (p < 0.001) | L. salivarius LS01 in maltodextrin for 16 weeks, twice a day | Oral: twice a day. Sachets with the probiotic dissolved in water or another liquid according to the patient's preference | A |
Moroi et al., Japão 2011 [28] | Investigate the clinical effect of a supplemental diet containing lactic milk L. paracasei K71 (LAB diet) in adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) | Pubmed/Atopic dermatitis, probiotics | Men and women with mild or moderate AD (n = 34) | 20–65 a | No | Clinical trial | Reduction of pruritus in the 8 weeks of treatment (p = 0.059) | Did not use SCORAD, but Japanese dermatological association score. The skin severity score was lower at week 8 (p < 0.05) and at week 12 (p < 0.01) | L. paracasei K71 for 12 weeks once a day | Oral: Daily, Probiotic powder dissolved in water, coffee, or tea | B |
Roessler et al., Alemanha 2012 [29] | Evaluate whether a probiotic mixture can affect the microbiota and its genotoxic activity in healthy individuals and patients with AD | Pubmed/Atopic dermatitis, probiotics | Healthy and AD patients (n = 30): 15 control group patients (age: 24 ± 3) 15 patients with AD group (age: 23 ± 3) | 23 ± 3 | No | Clinical trial | Increased lactobacilli in the stool of patients | SCORAD was only evaluated as an inclusion criterion for patients in their study | Probiotic drink containing: S. thermophilus enriched with L. paracasei Lpc-37; L. acidophilus 74–2 and B. animalis subsp. lactis DGCC 420 for 8 weeks | Oral: a daily probiotic drink | A |
Matsumoto et al., Japão 2014 [30] | To evaluate the effects of B. lactis LKM512 in adult AD patients | Pubmed/Atopic dermatitis, probiotics | - Men and women with moderate or severe AD (n = 44): 22 control group patients (mean age 34.1 years); 22 patients in the study group (mean age: 33.5 years) | 33, 5 (8,6) | No | Clinical trial | Administration of probiotics relieved itching in patients | SCORAD index was only evaluated before treatment | B. lactis LKM512 once a day for 8 weeks | Oral: daily with capsules | A |
Fang et al., China 2020 [41] | Determine the effects of probiotics on clinical symptoms, immune responses and gut microbiota in AD patients | Pubmed/Atopic dermatitis; probiotics | 109 mild AD patients: Placebo group (n = 26) Oligose group (n = 11), Bifdobacterium bifidum CCFM16 group (n = 29) Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 group (n = 43) | Group CCFM8610:49.19 (14.59) CCFM16 Group: 53.57 (13.86) | No | Clinical trial | Improvement of symptoms with the probiotic L. plantarum CCFM8610 | There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the four groups (p > 0.05) After 8 weeks of intervention, the group CCFM 8610 significantly decreased the SCORAD index | Oligosaccharides used: Bifdobacterium bifidum CCFM16 and Lactobacillus plantarum group CCFM8610 once daily for 8 weeks | Oral | A |