Table 1 Diagnostic criteria of migraine according to the ICHD-3 (2018)

Migraine without aura

At least five attacks that meet the following four criteria:

Headache lasting 4–72 h (when untreated or unsuccessfully treated)

Headache with at least two of the following four characteristics: unilateral location; Pulsating quality; moderate or severe pain intensity; aggravation by or causing avoidance of routine physical activity (e.g., walking or climbing stairs)

Headache accompanied by at least one of the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, or both; photophobia and phonophobia

Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis

Migraine with aura

At least two attacks that meet the following three criteria:

One or more of the following fully reversible aura symptoms: visual; sensory; speech, language, or both; motor; brain stem; retinal

At least three of the following six characteristics: at least one aura symptom spreading gradually over a period ≥ 5 min; Two or more aura symptoms occurring in succession; Each aura symptom lasting 5–60 min; at least one unilateral aura symptom; at least one positive aura symptom; headache accompanying the aura or following the aura within 60 min

Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis

Chronic migraine

Headaches (suggestive of migraine or tension headaches) on ≥ 15 days/month for > 3 months that fulfil the following criteria:

Occurring in a patient who has had at least five attacks meeting the criteria for migraine without aura or the criteria for migraine with aura or both

On ≥ 8 days/month for > 3 months, features of migraine without aura or of migraine with aura or believed by the patient to be migraine at onset that is relieved by a triptan or ergot derivative

Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis