Skip to main content

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups

From: Risk factors for air leakage during invasive mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care units

 

Air leakage (n = 41)

No air leakage (n = 507)

Total (n = 548)

p

Categorical variablesa

    

 Age

   

1

   ≤ 1y

22 (0.54)

278 (0.55)

300 (0.55)

 

  1–6 y

12 (0.29)

129 (0.25)

141 (0.26)

 

  7–14 y

7 (0.17)

100 (0.2)

107 (0.2)

 

 Sex

    

  Male

27 (0.66)

308 (0.61)

335 (0.61)

0.62

  Female

14 (0.34)

198 (0.39)

212 (0.39)

 

 ARDS

22 (0.54)

40 (0.08)

62 (0.11)

 < 0.001

 Asthma

2 (0.05)

17 (0.03)

19 (0.03)

0.65

 Measles

5 (0.12)

8 (0.02)

13 (0.02)

0.002

 CHD

7 (0.17)

97 (0.19)

104 (0.19)

0.84

 Postoperative

5 (0.12)

41 (0.08)

46 (0.08)

0.37

 Central respiratory failure

2 (0.05)

199 (0.39)

201 (0.37)

 < 0.001

 HFOV

14 (0.34)

13 (0.03)

27 (0.05)

 < 0.001

 Pneumonia

33 (0.8)

370 (0.73)

403 (0.73)

0.36

 Outcome

    

  Recovery

20 (0.49)

278 (0.55)

298 (0.54)

0.42

  Death in the ICU

9 (0.22)

55 (0.11)

64 (0.12)

 

  Discharge

12 (0.29)

175 (0.34)

187 (0.34)

 

 Subcutaneous emphysema

21 (0.51)

   

 Pneumothorax

34 (0.83)

   

 Pneumomediastinum

16 (0.39)

   

Continuous variablesb

    

 Hospital stay (days)

18 (20)

13 (16)

14 (17)

 < 0.001

 PCIS

98 (8)

96 (10)

96 (10)

0.007

 PIP

32 (12)

22 (6)

24 (8)

 < 0.001

 PEEP

8 (6)

3 (4)

3.5 (4)

 < 0.001

 RR

30 (10)

25 (8)

30 (5)

 < 0.001

 PaO2

89 (81)

123 (59.5)

122.5 (62.2)

0.007

 FiO2

0.5 (0.3)

0.3 (0.2)

0.4 (0.2)

 < 0.001

 PaO2/FiO2 ratio

190 (182.8)

338.1 (230)

330 (232.6)

 < 0.001

 IMV duration (hours)

240 (288)

120 (144)

144 (168)

 < 0.001

 Leak since ventilation (hours)

120 (120)

   
  1. ARDS acute respiratory dyspnea syndrome; CHD congenital heart disease; HFOV high-frequency oscillatory ventilation; NMBA neuromuscular blocking agent; PCIS pediatric critical illness score; PIP peak inspiratory pressure; PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, RR respiratory rate, PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood; FiO2 fraction of inspiration oxygen
  2. P values of the Mann‒Whitney U test are shown
  3. aCounts and proportions are shown for categorical variables. P values of Fisher’s exact test are shown
  4. bThe median and interquartile range are shown for continuous variables