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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Ventricular arrhythmia burden in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator and remote patient monitoring during different time intervals of the COVID-19 pandemic

 

n = 140

Age

58.9 (± 17.2)

Men

116 (82.9%)

LVEF

40% (± 14)

Primary prevention

58 (41.4%)

Secondary prevention

82 (58.6%)

ICD indication VF

42 (30.0%)

ICD indication VT

39 (27.9%)

ICD indication othersa

1 (0.7%)

Single-chamber ICD

78 (55.7%)

Dual-chamber ICD

20 (14.3%)

S-ICD

14 (10.0%)

CRT-D

28 (20.0%)

IHD

66 (47.1%)

DCM

36 (25.7%)

Othersb

41 (29.3%)

History of MI

43 (30.7%)

Diabetes

29 (20.7%)

Hypertension

78 (55.7%)

Obesity (BMI ≥ 30)

37 (26.4%)

Hyperlipidemia

64 (45.7%)

History of stroke

10 (7.1%)

PAD

7 (5.0%)

Carotis stenosis

3 (2.1%)

CKD

28 (20.0%)

COPD

6 (4.3%)

ACE/AT1/ARNI

101 (72.1%)

Beta blocker

118 (84.3%)

Spironolactone

82 (58.6%)

Diuretics

87 (62.1%)

Amiodarone/Sotalol

10 (7.1%)

Digitalis

9 (6.4%)

  1. LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, ICD implantable cardioverter–defibrillator, VF ventricular fibrillation, VT ventricular tachycardia, S-ICD subcutaneous implantable cardioverter–defibrillator, CRT cardiac resynchronization therapy, IHD ischemic heart disease, DCM dilated cardiomyopathy, BMI body mass index, MI myocardial infarction, PAD peripheral artery disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  2. ICD indication othersa: patients with an out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and high probability of a primary rhythmogenic cause, though first documented rhythm was asystole, PEA or sinus rhythm
  3. Othersb: primary VF: 9 (6.4%), long-QT: 7 (5.0%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: 7 (5.0%), myocarditis: 6 (4.3%), Tako Tsubo cardiomyopathy: 3 (2.1%), secondary cardiomyopathy: 3 (2.1%), arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia: 1 (0.7%), Brugada: 2 (1.4%), non-compaction cardiomyopathy: 1 (0.7%), muscular dystrophy: 1 (0.7%), short-QT: 1 (0.7%)