From: Prognostic potential of liver injury in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study
Characteristics | All patients (n = 184) | Non-liver injury (n = 92) | Liver injury (n = 92) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 51.0 (38.0–58.0) | 49.0 (37.3–57.8) | 51.0 (40.8–59.0) | 0.434 |
Male sex, n (%) | 149 (81.0) | 71 (77.2) | 78 (84.8) | 0.189 |
Smokers, n (%) | 97 (52.7) | 48 (52.2) | 49 (53.3) | 0.883 |
Drinkers, n (%) | 86 (46.7) | 40 (43.5) | 46 (50.0) | 0.375 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.7 (20.0–25.9) | 23.0 (20.2–26.5) | 22.7 (19.9–25.0) | 0.480 |
Comorbidity, n (%) | Â | |||
 Acute heart failure | 157 (85.3) | 80 (87.0) | 77 (83.7) | 0.532 |
 Coronary artery disease | 6 (3.3) | 4 (4.3) | 2 (2.2) | 0.682 |
 Hypertension | 20 (10.9) | 11 (12.0) | 9 (9.8) | 0.636 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 40 (21.7) | 20 (21.7) | 20 (21.7) | 1.000 |
 Atrial fibrillation | 39 (21.2) | 19 (20.7) | 20 (21.7) | 0.857 |
NYHA class, n (%) | 0.596 | |||
 II | 14 (7.6) | 7 (7.6) | 7 (7.6) |  |
 III | 72 (39.1) | 38 (41.3) | 34 (37.0) |  |
 IV | 98 (53.3) | 47 (51.1) | 51 (55.4) |  |
SBP (mmHg) | 106.0 (97.0–117.8) | 106.0 (98.0–118.0) | 106.0 (97.0–117.0) | 0.666 |
DBP (mmHg) | 74.0 (66.0–84.0) | 71.0 (64.0–84.3) | 75.0 (69.0–84.0) | 0.111 |
Laboratory data | Â | |||
 Red blood cell (× 1012/L) | 4.75 (4.29–5.23) | 4.69 (4.19–5.03) | 4.91 (4.47–5.36) | 0.070 |
 Hemoglobin (g/L) | 137.0 (128.4–149.9) | 137.0 (128.9–149.0) | 138.1 (128.2–150.5) | 0.801 |
 Albumin (g/L) | 37.1 ± 4.46 | 36.71 ± 4.56 | 37.55 ± 4.33 | 0.202 |
 AST (U/L) | 37.0 (28.0–62.0) | 33.0 (23.0–43.0) | 47.0 (31.3–137.5) | < 0.001 |
 ALT (U/L) | 38.5 (24.0–88.8) | 31.0 (20.3–48.8) | 53.5 (29.3–180.0) | < 0.001 |
 Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 28.6 (16.8–46.2) | 17.7 (10.9–23.8) | 46.1 (33.5–56.4) | < 0.001 |
 BUN (mmol/L) | 7.73 (5.65–10.69) | 7.38 (5.53–9.66) | 8.02 (5.83–11.14) | 0.123 |
 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 89.9 (70.9–114.5) | 88.7 (70.4–112.8) | 92.3 (72.2–118.8) | 0.484 |
 NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 6051 (2881–10,139) | 5779 (2916–9574) | 6481 (2689–12,152) | 0.478 |
QRS duration (ms) | 106.0 (98.0–118.0) | 106.0 (96.0–121.0) | 107.0 (98.5–118.0) | 0.443 |
Cardiac ultrasound data | Â | |||
 LAD (mm) | 48.0 (43.3–53.0) | 46.5 (43.0–52.0) | 49.5 (44.0–53.0) | 0.173 |
 LVEDD (mm) | 71.0 (65.0–77.0) | 70.5 (66.0–76.0) | 72.0 (65.0–78.0) | 0.546 |
 LVEF (%) | 31.0 (25.0–37.0) | 31.0 (24.6–37.0) | 31.0 (25.0–38.0) | 0.816 |
Drug therapy, n (%) | Â | |||
 RAS inhibitor | 144 (78.3) | 73 (79.3) | 71 (77.2) | 0.721 |
 Beta-blocker | 169 (91.8) | 83 (90.2) | 86 (93.5) | 0.419 |
 Diuretic | 184 (100.0) | 92 (100.0) | 92 (100.0) | 1.000 |
  Spironolactone | 174 (94.6) | 89 (96.7) | 85 (92.4) | 0.193 |
 Digoxin | 155 (84.2) | 80 (87.0) | 75 (81.5) | 0.312 |
ICD/CRT, n (%) | 8 (4.3) | 4 (4.3) | 4 (4.3) | 1.000 |