Table 1 Characteristics of the patients
Somatostatin group | Non-somatostatin group | P | PSM Somatostatin group | PSM Non-somatostatin group | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | ||||||
Gender, n (%) | 0.83 | 0.85 | ||||
Male | 49 (58.3) | 42 (60.0) | 33 (55.0) | 34 (56.7) | ||
Female | 35 (41.7) | 28 (40.0) | 27 (45.0) | 26 (43.3) | ||
Age, years, median (IQR) | 45 (34–61) | 46 (32–60) | 0.86 | 45 (32–59) | 42 (33–57) | 0.96 |
BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 21.2 (19.8–22.1) | 21 (19.8–22) | 0.61 | 21.4 (19.8–22) | 21 (19.7–22) | 0.93 |
Characteristics of fistula | ||||||
Anatomy of fistula, n (%) | 0.89 | 0.66 | ||||
Stump | 39 (46.4) | 30 (42.9) | 26 (43.3) | 27 (45.0) | ||
Bulb or descending portion | 40 (47.6) | 35 (50) | 32 (53.3) | 29 (48.3) | ||
Pars horizontalis duodeni | 5 (5.9) | 5 (7.1) | 2 (33.3) | 4 (6.7) | ||
Etiology, n (%) | 0.49 | 0.93 | ||||
Upper gastrointestinal tract tumor | 29 (34.5) | 18 (25.7) | 17 (28.3) | 16 (16.7) | ||
Trauma | 43 (51.2) | 40 (57.1) | 33 (55.0) | 35 (58.3) | ||
Pancreatitis | 12 (15.5) | 12 (17.2) | 10 (16.7) | 9 (15.0) | ||
High output, n (%) | 46 (54.8) | 34 (48.6) | 0.44 | 32 (53.3) | 30 (50.0) | 0.72 |
Combined with abdominal hernia, n (%) | 38 (45.2) | 33 (47.1) | 0.81 | 28 (48.3) | 26 (44.8) | 0.71 |
Preoperative laboratory examination | ||||||
Preoperative hemoglobin, n (%) | 0.98 | 0.85 | ||||
> 100 g/L, and < 120 g/L | 35 (41.7) | 29 (41.4) | 23 (38.3) | 24 (40.0) | ||
≥ 120 g/L | 49 (58.3) | 41 (58.6) | 37 (61.7) | 36 (60.0) | ||
Preoperative albumin, n (%) | 0.81 | 1.00 | ||||
> 30 g/L, and < 35 g/L | 38 (45.2) | 33 (47.1) | 28 (48.3) | 28 (48.3) | ||
≥ 35 g/L | 46 (54.8) | 37 (52.9) | 32 (53.3) | 32 (53.3) | ||
Glutamic pyruvic transaminase, U/L (IQR) | 31 (21–47) | 31 (24–46) | 0.72 | |||
Total bilirubin, mmol/L (IQR) | 20 (12–27) | 21 (12–28) | 0.71 | |||
Creatinine, mmol/L (IQR) | 58 (51–77) | 61 (51–79) | 0.67 | |||
Intraoperative characteristics | ||||||
Blood loss, n (%) | 0.79 | 1.00 | ||||
< 1000 mL | 45 (53.6) | 39 (55.7) | 33 (55.0) | 33 (55.0) | ||
≥ 1000 mL | 39 (4.4) | 31 (44.3) | 27 (45.0) | 27 (45.0) | ||
Duration of definitive surgery, n (%) | 0.42 | 0.71 | ||||
< 4 h | 51 (60.7) | 38 (54.3) | 32 (53.3) | 34 (56.7) | ||
≥ 4 h | 33 (39.3) | 32 (45.7) | 28 (48.3) | 26 (43.3) | ||
Surgical procedure, n (%) | 0.64 | 0.85 | ||||
Suture | 57 (67.9) | 45 (64.3) | 40 (66.7) | 41 (68.3) | ||
Duodenojejunostomy Roux-en-Y | 27 (32.1) | 25 (28.6) | 20 (33.3) | 19 (31.7) | ||
Postoperative management | ||||||
Required blood transfusion within 48 h after definitive surgery | 0.98 | 0.71 | ||||
< 1000 mL | 53 (63.1) | 44 (62.9) | 36 (43.3) | 38 (63.3) | ||
≥ 1000 mL | 31 (36.9) | 26 (37.1) | 24 (40.0) | 22 (36.7) | ||
Required albumin transfusion within 48 h after definitive surgery | 0.66 | 0.86 | ||||
< 100 g | 45 (53.6) | 35 (50) | 32 (53.3) | 31 (51.7) | ||
≥ 100 g | 39 (46.4) | 35 (50) | 28 (48.3) | 29 (48.3) | ||
Comorbidity, No. (%) | ||||||
Hypertension | 2 (2.3) | 2 (2.9) | 0.85 | 1 (16.7) | 1 (16.7) | 1.00 |
Diabetes mellitus | 8 (9.5) | 7 (10.0) | 0.92 | 4 (66.7) | 4 (66.7) | 1.00 |