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Table 3 MSCs-derived EVs (e.g., exosome) transplantation in IBD animal models

From: Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)-based cell therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) therapy

Diseases

Source

Model

Results

Refs.

DSS-induced colitis

BM

C57BL/6 mice

Alleviation of colitis by up-regulation of miR-125a and miR-125b levels, which in turn, downregulates STAT3 expression and Th17 cell differentiation

[187]

DSS-induced colitis

UC

KM mice

Enhancing IL-10 levels while reducing the TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and IL-7 levels in colon tissues and spleens of treated mice

[180]

DSS-induced colitis

AT

C57BL/6 mice

Reducing the colon shortening, enhancing body weight, attenuating bleeding and colon injury by promoting the IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12, and IL-17 levels and conversely decreasing TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10 in lymph node and spleen of treated mice

[183]

DSS-induced colitis

UC

C57BL/6 mice

Reducing DAI score and body weight loss by exerting anti-inflammatory responses and averting inflammatory responses

[178]

DSS-induced colitis

BM

C57BL/6 mice

Alleviation of experimental colitis by enhancing the intestinal barrier function through exosomal miR-181a

[108]

DSS-induced colitis

DP

C57BL/6 mice

Restoring the Th17 cell/Treg balance by activating the miR-1246/Nfat5 axis leading to less disease severity

[247]

DSS-induced colitis

DP

C57BL/6 mice

Suppression of CD4 + T cell proliferation along with down-regulation of IL-17, IFN-γ levels and improving the TGF-β, IL-10 secreted by T cells

[73]

DSS-induced colitis

UC

BALB/c mice

Attenuation of colitis by inhibition of ubiquitin activity

[28]

DSS-induced colitis

DP

C57BL/6 mice

Inhibition of inflammatory responses by exosomal metallothionein-2 (MT-2)

[198]

DSS/TNBS-induced colitis

UC

BALB/c mice

Supporting the mucosal barrier repair and intestinal immune homeostasis by exosomal TSG-6

[29]

DSS-induced colitis

BM

C57BL/6 mice

Exerting epithelial regeneration

[248]

DSS-induced colitis

BM

C57BL/6 mice

Promoting intestinal-stem-cell (ISCs) and epithelial regeneration

[249]

DSS-induced colitis

UC

BALB/c mice

Alleviation of colitis in part by inhibiting neddylation through exosomal miR-326

[205]

DSS -induced colitis

UC

BALB/c mice

Attenuation of colitis by suppression of macrophage pyroptosis through activating miR-378a-5p/NLRP3 axis

[190]

DSS -induced colitis

BM

BALB/c mice

Attenuation of body weight loss, DAI score, and colon mucosa damage probably by improvement in IL-10 and TGF-β reduction in VEGF-A, IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α, CCL-24, and CCL-17 levels

[250]

TNBS-induced colitis

UC

BALB/c mice

Suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress

[23]

DSS -induced colitis

AT

SD rats

Diminishment of the number of circulating inflammatory cells by combined melatonin and exosome therapy

[251]

  1. MSCs mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, EVs extracellular vesicles, BM bone marrow, UC umbilical cord, AT adipose tissue, DP dental pulp, TNBS 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, DSS dextran sulfate sodium, Th T helper 1/2/17, FOXP3 Forkhead box P3, IL-1 interleukin-1β, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Tregs regulatory T cells, IFN-γ interferon-gamma, IL interleukin, TLRs toll-like receptors, miRNAs MICRORNAS, TGF-β transforming growth factor-beta, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, NFAT nuclear factor of activated T-cells, NLRP3 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, CCL chemokine-ligand 17/24, NFAT nuclear factor of activated T-cells