Table 2 Search strategy in PubMed

1

Malaria*[MeSH terms] OR Fever* OR Plasmodium falciparum* OR Plasmodium malariae* OR Plasmodium ovale* OR Plasmodium vivax*

2

Children under five years*[MeSH terms] OR Infants* OR Neonates* OR Children* OR Early Childhood*

3

sub-Saharan Africa* OR Angola* OR Benin* OR Botswana* OR Burkina Faso* OR Burundi* OR Cape Verde* OR Cameroon* OR Central African republic* OR Chad* OR Comoros* OR Congo* OR the Democratic Republic of Congo* OR Cote d’Ivoire* OR Equatorial Guinea* OR Eritrea* OR Eswatini* OR Ethiopia* OR Gabon* OR Gambia Ghana* OR Guinea* OR Guinea Bissau* OR Kenya* OR Lesotho* OR Liberia* OR Madagascar* OR Malawi* OR Mali* OR Mauritania* OR Mauritius* OR Mozambique* OR Namibia* OR Niger* OR Nigeria* OR Rwanda* OR Sao Tome & Principe* OR Senegal OR Seychelles* OR Sierra Leon* OR Somalia* OR South Africa* OR South Sudan* OR Sudan* OR Tanzania* OR Togo* OR Uganda* OR Zambia* OR Zimbabwe*

4

#1 AND #2 AND #3

5

Prevalence*[MeSH terms] OR Percentage* OR Proportion*

6

Risk factors*[MeSH terms] OR OR determinants* OR causes*

7

Intervention*[MeSH term] OR Policies* OR Strategies* OR Protection* OR Health promotion* OR Health education*

8

#5 AND #6 AND #7

Limits: 01/01/2000 to 20/07/2022