Table 1 Case histories of ten patients with combined CRVO and CRAO
From: Comorbidities in combined retinal artery and vein occlusions
Age of patients | Diagnoses of systemic diseases (number of patients) |
|---|---|
1. A 75-year-old male | Immunocytoma (Waldenström’s disease); arterial hypertension (200/130 mmHg); hypercholesterolemia, adiposity |
2. A 61-year-old male | Pulmonary emphysema, cor pulmonale, tachycardia; + chronic bronchitis; hypercholesterolemia heart-echo: normal Doppler sonography: normal carotid arteries |
3. A 70-year-old woman | Arterial hypertension (200/100 mmHg); hypercholesterolemia, heart-echo: normal findings Doppler sonography: normal carotid arteries |
4. A 62-year-old male | Slightly increased blood pressure, slightly increased homocysteine, heart-echo: normal findings Doppler sonography: normal findings in carotid arteries |
5. A 36-year-old woman | Raynaud’s disease; autoimmune disease with evidence of serum antimitochondrial antibodies, tendency for arterial hypotension with occasional low blood pressure (90/60 mmHg); heart-echo normal findings Doppler sonography: normal carotid arteries |
6. A 68-year-old male | Metastatic prostate carcinoma, suspected paraneoplastic syndrome with hypercoagulation of blood; anemia (hemoglobin. 6.7 g/dl), diabetes mellitus; elevated ESR 74 mm (Westergren method); heart-echo: normal findings Doppler sonography: normal carotid arteries |
7. A 53-year-old male | Hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, heart-echo: suspected diastolic relaxation disturbance, Parkinson’s disease, tendency to arterial hypotension, Doppler sonography: normal carotid arteries |
8. A 72-year-old woman | Bronchopneumonia, leukocytosis, severely elevated ESR. Doppler sonography: bilateral medium-sized carotid stenoses |
9. A 68-year-old male | Heterozygote factor-V mutation, venous thrombosis of the legs, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, small colon cancer, compensated renal insufficiency; heart-echo: normal findings |
10. A 57-year-old woman | Factor V Leiden mutation (heterozygotic); arterial hypertension, chronic smoker; recurrent thrombosis of the lower right leg, Doppler-sonography: normal |
Mean age was of the 4 women and 6 men was 62 years (36–75 yeras) | Coagulation disturbances: patients 4, 6, 7, 9, 10: 5 patients |
Arterial hypertension: patients. 1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10: 6 patients | |
Arterial hypotension tendency: patients 5, 7: 2 patients | |
Heart-echo: normal findings patients 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9: 6 patients. Suspected diastolic relaxation disturbance: patient 7: 1 patient | |
Doppler sonography: normal carotid artery findings patients: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10: 7 patients; 1 patient (no. 8) had bilateral medium-sized carotid stenoses |