Table 1 Baseline characteristics of subject

Demographic information

N

2,092

349

Age (years)

60.42 ± 8.68

56.37 ± 8.81

<0.001

Gender (male,%)

705 (33.7%)

73 (20.09%)

<0.001

Body mass index (kg/m²)

24.21 ± 3.36

21.58 ± 1.99

<0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

85.07 ± 9.70

77.02 ± 6.86

<0.001

Sysytolic blood pressure (mmHg)

127.62 ± 18.68

114.41 ± 10.94

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

79.83 ± 9.69

73.74 ± 6.91

<0.001

Laboratory assays

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

5.53 ± 1.81

4.64 ± 0.60

<0.001

Plasma blood glucose (mmol/L)

7.67 ± 3.56

5.29 ± 1.10

<0.001

Serum total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.32 ± 1.00

5.19 ± 0.97

<0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.71 ± 0.98

1.10 ± 0.31

<0.001

HDL (mmol/L)

1.36 ± 0.32

1.54 ± 0.33

<0.001

LDL (mmol/L)

3.19 ± 0.77

3.04 ± 0.77

<0.001

Uric acid (μmol/L)

281.21 ± 83.79

240.91 ± 67.80

<0.001

BRS measurement

Heart rate (beats/min)

72.42 ± 10.13

68.44 ± 8.69

<0.001

TP.brs (ms/mmHg)

9.38 ± 21.94

11.51 ± 11.16

0.026

HF.brs (ms/mmHg)

9.54 ± 22.80

10.97 ± 12.59

0.162

LF.brs (ms/mmHg)

11.87 ± 14.83

14.96 ± 12.83

0.001

Medical history

Smoking (yes,%)

306 (14.63%)

28 (8.00%)

<0.001

Hypertension (yes,%)

976 (46.65%)

0 (0%)

<0.001

Diabetes mellitus (yes,%)

446 (21.33%)

0 (0%)

<0.001

Metabolic syndrom (yes,%)

833 (39.82%)

0 (0%)

<0.001