Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study patients
| Characteristic |
Patients (n = 84) |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (range; 95% CI) | 55 (18–85; 52–59) |
| Gender, n (%) | |
| Male | 58 (69) |
| Female | 26 (31) |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%) | |
| Arterial hypertension | 37 (44) |
| Hypercholesterinemia | 21 (25) |
| Cardiac family history | 15 (18) |
| Smoking status | 32 (38) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (13) |
| Adipositas | 12 (14) |
| Laboratory parameters, median (IQR) | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.89 (0.78–1.04) |
| GFR (mL/min) | 89 (75–101) |
| Prior medical history, n (%) | |
| Chronic heart failure | 26 (31) |
| NYHA I | 10 (38) |
| NYHA II | 14 (54) |
| NYHA III | 2 (8) |
| NYHA IV | 0 (0) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 13 (15) |
| Paroxysmal | 8 (10) |
| Persistent | 3 (4) |
| Permanent | 2 (2) |
| Coronary artery disease | 26 (31) |
| 1 vessel disease | 10 (12) |
| 2 vessel disease | 3 (4) |
| 3 vessel disease | 13 (15) |
| Past history of myocardial infarction | 17 (20) |
| Valvular heart disease | 31 (37) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 7 (8) |
| COPD | 7 (8) |
| Asthma | 6 (7) |
| Pneumonia | 2 (2) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 1 (1) |
| Cancer | 7 (8) |
| Medication, n (%) | |
| ACE-inhibitor/AT1-receptor antagonist | 43 (51) |
| Beta blocker | 43 (51) |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 15 (18) |
| Calcium antagonist | 18 (21) |
| Diuretics | 45 (54) |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 32 (38) |
| Thienopyridines | 9 (11) |
| OAC/NOAC | 14 (17) |
| Statin | 34 (40) |