A comparative study on the validity and reliability of anterior, medial, and posterior approaches for internal fixation in the repair of fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna

Table 5 Incidence of complications of patients among the anterior group, the posterior group, and the medial group

Subjects	The anterior group (n = 73)	The medial group (n = 32)	The posterior group (n = 42)	p*	p ^#	p ^&
Plate fixation loosening	4 (5.41%)	5 (15.63%)	1 (2.38%)	0.109	< 0.001	< 0.001
Stiffness/instability of the elbow joint	8 (10.81%)	3 (9.38%)	0 (0%)
Heterotopic ossification	6 (8.11%)	6 (18.75%)	0 (0%)
Other complications	7 (9.46%)	3 (9.38%)	2 (4.76%)
Total	34.25%	53.13%	7.14%

n number
* Comparison between the medial approach and anterior median approach groups; ^# comparison between the posterior approach and former median approach groups; ^& comparison between the posterior approach and medial approach groups

ISSN: 2047-783X