Table 1 Summary of characteristics of the included studies
Study | Country | Publication date | Enrolment duration | Study design (RCS/PS) | Sample size | Male patients (%) | Age, years | BMI cut off (kg/m2) | Severe cases/total cases (%) | Severe cases among obese patients/total cases among obese patients (%) | BMI (kg/m2) all | BMI (kg/m2) severe | BMI (kg/m2) non-severe | Primary outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aggarwal et al. [32] | USA | Apr-29 | NA | RCS | 16 | 12 (75.00) | Median 67 (IQR 38–95) | 30 | 8/16 (50.00) | 5/8 (62.50) | NA | NA | NA | Disease progression |
Argenziano et al. [37] | USA | May-7 | Mar 1–Apr 5 | RCS | 850 | 511 (60.12) | 63.44 | 30 | 236/850 (27.76) | 107/323 (33.13) | NA | 29.4 (25.7–34.2) | 28.3 (25.0–32.7) | ICU care |
Auld et al. [41] | USA | Apr-26 | Mar 6–Apr 17 | RCS | 217 | 119 (54.84) | Median 64 (IQR 54–73) | 30 | 62/217 (28.57) | 1/21 (4.76) | 30 (26–35) | 29 (26–32) | 31 (27–36) | Death |
Buckner et al. [40] | USA | May-22 | Mar 2–Mar 26 | RCS | 105 | 53 (50.48) | Median 69 (range 23–97) | 30 | 51/105 (48.57) | 23/44 (52.27) | NA | NA | NA | Disease progression |
Cao et al. [42] | China | Mar-13 | Jan 3–Feb 1 | PS | 102 | 53 (52.00) | Median 54 (IQR 37–67) | NA | 17/102 (16.67) | NA | 24.4 (21.8–26.0) | 26.0 (23.4–28.7) | 24.3 (21.8–25.7) | Death |
Cai et al. [49] | China | May-14 | Jan 11–Feb 21 | PS | 383 | 183 (47.78) | 48.73 | 28 | 91/383 (23.76) | 16/41 (39.02) | NA | NA | NA | Disease progression |
Gao et al. [47] | China | Mar-17 | Jan 23–Feb 2 | RCS | 43 | 26 (60.47) | Mean 43.74 (SD 12.12) | NA | 15/43 (34.88) | 3/4 (75.00) | NA | NA | NA | Severe COVID-19 |
Gao et al. [48] | China | May-14 | Jan 17–Feb 11 | PS | 150 | 94 (62.7) | Mean 48 | 28 | 36/150 (24) | 25/75 (33.33) | NA | NA | NA | Severe COVID-19 |
Giacomelli et al. [38] | Italy | May-6 | Feb 21–Mar 19 | PS | 233 | 161 (69.10) | Median 61 (IQR 50–72) | 30 | 48/233 (20.60) | 13/38 (34.21) | NA | NA | NA | Death |
Goyal et al. [35] | USA | Apr-17 | Mar 3–Mar-27 | RCS | 393 | 238 (60.56) | Median 62.2 (IQR 48.6–73.7) | 30 | 130/393 (33.08) | 56/136 (41.18) | NA | NA | NA | IMV |
Hu et al. [50] | China | May-3 | Jan 8–Feb 20 | PS | 323 | 166 (51.39) | Median 61 (range 23–91) | 30 | 172/323 (53.25) | 8/13 (61.54) | NA | NA | NA | Disease progression |
Huang et al. [43] | China | May-8 | Jan 22–Feb 10 | RCS | 202 | 116 (57.43) | Median 44 (IQR 33–54) | 28 | 23/202 (11.39) | 8/24 (33.33) | 24.4 (22.3–26.4) | 26.4 (23.7–29.5) | 24.2 (22.1–26.1) | Severe COVID-19 |
Klang et al. [36] | USA | May-23 | Mar 1–May 17 | RCS | 3406 | 1961 (57.57) | 66.00 | 30 | 1136/3406 (33.35) | 384/1231 (31.19) | NA | NA | NA | Death |
Kalligeros et al. [39] | USA | Apr-30 | Feb 17–Apr 5 | RCS | 103 | 63 (61.17) | Median 60 (IQR 50–72) | 30 | 44/103 (42.72) | 25/49 (51.02) | NA | NA | NA | ICU care |
Peng et al. [17] | China | Mar-2 | Jan 20–Feb 15 | RCS | 112 | 53 (47.32) | Median 62 (IQR 55–67) | NA | 16/112 (14.29) | NA | 22.0 (20.0–25.0) | 25.5 (23.0–27.5) | 22.0 (20.0–24.0) | Critical COVID-19 |
Liu et al. [44] | China | Mar-12 | Feb 10–Feb 31 | RCS | 30 | 10 (33.33) | Mean 35 (SD 8) | NA | 4/30 (15.38) | NA | NA | 27.0 ± 2.5 | 22.0 ± 1.3 | Severe COVID-19 |
Petrilli et al. [33] | USA | May-22 | Mar 1–Apr 8 | PS | 5279 | 2615 (49.54) | Median 54 (IQR 38–66) | 30 | 2741/5279 (36.28) | 1084/1865 (34.60) | NA | NA | NA | Disease progression |
Simonnet et al. [15] | France | Apr-9 | Feb 27–Apr 5 | RCS | 124 | 90 (72.58) | Median 60 (IQR 51–70) | 30 | 85/124 (68.55) | 48/59 (81.36) | 29.6 (26.4–36.4) | 31.1 (27.3–37.5) | 27 (25.3–30.8) | IMV |
Wu et al. [45] | China | Mar-27 | Jan 20–Feb 19 | RCS | 280 | 151 (53.93) | Mean 43.12 (SD 19.02) | NA | 83/280 (29.64) | NA | 24.1 ± 3.0 | 25.8 ± 1.8 | 23.6 ± 3.2 | Severe/critical COVID-19 |
Xiong et al. [46] | China | May-8 | Jan 1–Mar 10 | RCS | 131 | 75 (57.25) | Mean 63.3 (SD 13.2) | NA | 30/131 (22.90) | NA | 23.1 ± 4.0 | 22.6 ± 3.7 | 23.3 ± 4.1 | Severe/critical COVID-19 |
Zhang et al. [16] | China | May-21 | Feb7-Mar 27 | RCS | 43 | NA | Mean 24.38 (SD 4.00) | 28 | 12/43 (27.90) | NA | 23.39 (21.62–26.34) | 29.32 (28.91–29.40) | 23.18 (21.62–24.59) | Death |
Zheng et al. [34] | China | Apr-19 | Jan 17–Feb 11 | RCS | 66 | 49 (74.24) | 47 | 25 | 19/66 (28.79) | 17/45 (37.78) | 26.5 ± 3.9 | 27.9 ± 3.3 | 25.9 ± 4.0 | Severe COVID-19 |