Table 3 Logistic regression analyses of related factors associated with curable STI–HIV coinfection among HIV+ participants
Variable | STI–HIV coinfection rate, (N = 406), n (%) | STI–HIV coinfection rate on ART-naive, (N = 204), n (%) | STI–HIV coinfection rate on ART,(N = 202), n (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n/N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | n/N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | n/N (%) | OR (95%CI) | P value | |
Age, years | |||||||||
 18–35 | 72/167 (43.1) | Ref. |  | 37/93 (39.8) | Ref. |  | 35/74 (47.3) | Ref. |  |
 ≥ 36 | 119/239 (49.8) | 1.24 (0.70–2.19) | 0.461 | 55/111 (49.5) | 1.12 (0.48–2.60) | 0.791 | 64/128 (50.0) | 1.08 (0.45–2.62) | 0.858 |
Sex | |||||||||
 Male | 136/325 (41.8) | Ref. |  | 66/167 (39.5) | Ref. |  | 70/158 (44.3) | Ref. |  |
 Female | 55/81 (67.9) | 3.46 (1.95–6.15) |  < 0.001 | 26/37 (70.3) | 3.89 (1.59–9.50) | 0.003 | 29/44 (65.9) | 4.21 (1.84–9.61) | 0.001 |
Nation | |||||||||
 Ethnic Han | 168/350 (48.0) | Ref. |  | 79/171 (46.2) | Ref. |  | 89/179 (49.7) | Ref. |  |
 Other | 23/56 (41.1) | 0.66 (0.36–1.22) | 0.186 | 13/33 (39.4) | 0.60 (0.25–1.42) | 0.245 | 10/23 (43.5) | 0.61 (0.23–1.62) | 0.324 |
Occupation | |||||||||
 Employee | 110/236 (46.6) | Ref. |  | 52/121 (42.9) | Ref. |  | 58/115 (50.4) | Ref. |  |
 None | 21/41 (51.2) | 1.26 (0.61–2.59) | 0.528 | 16/33 (48.5) | 1.06 (0.44–2.54) | 0.896 | 5/8 (62.5) | 2.70 (0.56–13.05) | 0.216 |
 Others | 60/129 (46.5) | 0.89 (0.55–1.42) | 0.614 | 24/50 (48.0) | 0.94 (0.44–2.01) | 0.880 | 36/79 (45.6) | 1.01 (0.52–1.99) | 0.966 |
Region | |||||||||
 Other province | 10/20 (50.0) | Ref. |  | 5/12 (41.7) | Ref. |  | 5/8 (62.5) | Ref. |  |
 Yunnan | 181/386 (46.9) | 1.08 (0.43–2.73) | 0.864 | 87/192 (45.3) | 1.13 (0.31–4.21) | 0.853 | 94/194 (48.4) | 0.92 (0.21–4.09) | 0.916 |
Current marital status | |||||||||
 Married | 75/164 (45.7) | Ref. |  | 30/65 (46.2) | Ref. |  | 45/99 (45.4) | Ref. |  |
 Unmarried/single | 116/242 (47.9) | 1.31 (0.79–2.18) | 0.304 | 62/139 (44.6) | 1.06 (0.49–2.26) | 0.884 | 54/103 (52.4) | 1.52 (0.71–3.25) | 0.278 |
Education | |||||||||
 Up to primary | 113/234 (48.3) | Ref. |  | 58/120 (48.3) | Ref. |  | 55/114 (48.2) | Ref. |  |
 Above primary | 78/172 (45.3) | 1.13 (0.69–1.87) | 0.622 | 34/84 (40.5) | 1.03 (0.49–2.18) | 0.932 | 44/88 (50.0) | 1.32 (0.64–2.73) | 0.461 |
Sexual orientation | |||||||||
 Heterosexual | 125/260 (48.1) | Ref. |  | 61/125 (48.8) | Ref. |  | 64/135 (47.4) | Ref. |  |
 Homosexual/bisexual | 66/146 (45.2) | 1.55 (0.88–2.72) | 0.129 | 31/79 (39.2) | 1.39 (0.62–3.15) | 0.426 | 35/67 (52.2) | 1.58 (0.67–3.76) | 0.297 |
Ever injected drugs | |||||||||
 No | 168/364 (46.1) | Ref. |  | 85/192 (44.3) | Ref. |  | 83/172 (48.3) | Ref. |  |
 Yes | 23/42 (54.8) | 1.40 (0.64–3.08) | 0.396 | 7/12 (58.3) | 1.19 (0.22–6.59) | 0.839 | 16/30 (53.3) | 1.71 (0.67–4.38) | 0.265 |
No. of sexual partners | |||||||||
 Single | 53/111 (47.7) | Ref. |  | 29/58 (50.0) | Ref. |  | 24/53 (45.3) | Ref. |  |
 Multiple | 21/65 (32.3) | 0.48 (0.23–1.00) | 0.051 | 19/63 (30.2) | 0.42 (0.18–0.98) | 0.054 | 2/2 (100) |  |  |
 Others | 117/230 (50.9) | 1.28 (0.66–2.46) | 0.466 | 44/83 (53.0) | 1.32 (0.51–3.41) | 0.567 | 73/147 (49.7) | 1.33 (0.48–3.72) | 0.588 |
Condom use | |||||||||
 Consistent | 55/118 (46.6) | Ref. |  | 18/39 (46.2) | Ref. |  | 37/79 (46.8) | Ref. |  |
 Casual/never | 47/108 (43.5) | 1.27 (0.63–2.58) | 0.508 | 47/108 (43.5) | 0.90 (0.37–2.17) | 0.815 | 0 |  |  |
 Others | 89/180 (49.4) | 0.85 (0.45–1.60) | 0.607 | 27/57 (47.4) | 0.49 (0.16–1.44) | 0.193 | 62/123 (50.4) | 1.31(0.54–3.17) | 0.545 |
CD4 count | |||||||||
 ≥ 550 | 112/230 (48.7) | Ref. |  | 13/28 (46.4) | Ref. |  | 99/202 (49.0) | Ref. |  |
 < 550 | 79/176 (44.9) | 0.90 (0.52–1.56) | 0.714 | 79/176 (44.9) | 0.93 (0.37–2.33) | 0.872 | 0 (0.0) | NA | NA |
HBV | |||||||||
 Negative | 174/374 (46.5) | Ref. |  | 77/182 (42.3) | Ref. |  | 97/192 (50.5) | Ref. |  |
 Positive | 17/32 (53.1) | 1.19 (0.55–2.57) | 0.654 | 15/22 (68.2) | 2.76 (1.00—7.67) | 0.051 | 2/10 (20.0) | 0.25 (0.05–1.18) | 0.080 |
HCV | |||||||||
 Negative | 177/381 (46.5) | Ref. |  | 82/188 (43.6) | Ref. |  | 95/193 (49.2) | Ref. |  |
 Positive | 14/25 (56.0) | 1.04 (0.40–2.74) | 0.934 | 10/16 (62.5) | 1.50 (0.33–6.80) | 0.598 | 4/9 (44.4) | 0.58 (0.12–2.89) | 0.501 |