Table 7 Risk severity of the various risk factors of ELOHS (NB: all features are computed at 95% significance level; ** are significant at 90% significance level)

Patients' features

DRG specialty

PAG (> 90)

1.85 (1.34–2.56)

VMO (infectious disease)

0.69 (0.49–0.98)

PAG (80–90)

1.74 (1.27–2.38)

VMO (nephrology)

0.54 (0.45–0.65)

PAG (70–80)

1.5 (1.1–2.05)

VMO (neurology)

0.46 (0.38–0.55)

SES (low)

1.45 (1.24–1.7)

VMO (plastic/recon surg)

0.44 (0.38–0.51)

SES (middle)

1.28 (1.1–1.5)

VMO (others)

0.43 (0.34–0.55)

PRG (uniting church)

0.81 (0.68–0.96)

VMO (endocrinology)

0.41 (0.33–0.5)

PRG (Anglican)

0.78 (0.7–0.87)

VMO (vascular surgery)

0.38 (0.3–0.47)

PRG (Catholic)

0.77 (0.7–0.84)

VMO (haematology)

0.34 (0.27–0.43)

DTH (10-20 km)

0.75 (0.68–0.82)

VMO (general paed.med.)

0.33 (0.17–0.67)

DTH (5-10 km)

0.72 (0.67–0.78)

VMO (cardiothoracic surg.)

0.33 (0.25–0.44)

CCI (7)

0.68 (0.47–0.99)

VMO (general medicine phy)

0.3 (0.26–0.35)

DTH (> 20 km)

0.64 (0.56–0.73)

VMO (colorectal surgery)

0.28 (0.24–0.34)

PGD (male)

0.63 (0.59–0.67)

VMO (gerontology)

0.28 (0.24–0.34)

PRG (Jewish)

0.62 (0.55–0.7)

VMO (respiratory medicine)

0.28 (0.23–0.33)

PRG (Greek Orthodox)

0.62 (0.51–0.75)

VMO (gastroenterology)

0.28 (0.23–0.32)

PRG (Christian (others))

0.59 (0.42–0.82)

VMO (medical oncology)

0.25 (0.21–0.31)

CCI (> 8)

0.56 (0.4–0.79)

VMO (urology)

0.25 (0.21–0.29)

PRG (undefined)

0.53 (0.47–0.6)

VMO (cardiology)

0.25 (0.22–0.28)

PRG (religion (others))

0.53 (0.41–0.68)

VMO (breast surgery)

0.19 (0.14–0.28)

CCI (6)

0.52 (0.37–0.72)

VMO (gynaecology)

0.17 (0.12–0.24)

PRG (Christian)

0.51 (0.42–0.62)

VMO (neurosurgery)

0.17 (0.13–0.22)

CCI (5)

0.43 (0.31–0.6)

VMO (hepato/biliary/pancr)

0.17 (0.12–0.22)

CCI (4)

0.39 (0.29–0.54)

VMO (upper GI surgery)

0.15 (0.12–0.18)

CCI (1)

0.34 (0.25–0.47)

VMO (ENT surgery)

0.12 (0.09–0.17)

CCI (2)

0.32 (0.23–0.43)

VMO (endocrine surgery)

0.09 (0.04–0.17)

CCI (3)

0.31 (0.22–0.42)

VMO (urogynaecology)

0.08 (0.03–0.19)

PAG (< 20)

0.06 (0.04–0.09)

VMO (ophthalmic surgery)

0.08 (0.04–0.15)

VMO (obstetrics & gynae)

0.06 (0.04–0.1)

Hospital-based features

DRG specialty

ADC (others)

4.11 (2.71–6.24)

ADT (others)

1.81 (1.45–2.26)

ADC (US1)

3.64 (3.09–4.28)

ADT (S2)

1.71 (1.5–1.96)

ADC (UC1)

3.17 (2.82–3.55)

ADT (S)

1.37 (1.25–1.5)

ADT (NEW)

2.77 (1.24–6.17)

ADT (AS)

0.84 (0.73–0.95)

ADC (EMG)

2.11 (1.93–2.31)

ADT (AS4)

0.46 (0.36–0.6)

ADT (AS2)

1.99 (1.73–2.29)

ADT (OBC)

0.28 (0.11–0.7)

ADT (M2)

1.86 (1.48–2.34)

ADT (CA)

0.16 (0.06–0.46)

ADT (OBN)

0.03 (0.01–0.14)