Table 1 Description of included studies
Author, year | Study design | No. of participants | Guidance method | Temperature and time of RFT | Primary outcome measures | Target point | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Wang et al., 2019 | Retrospective study | 17 | 3D template | 60 ℃ for 120 s, 65 ℃ for 120 s, and 70 ℃ for 120 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen rotundum | [21] |
21 | Manual puncture | 60 ℃ for 120 s, 65 ℃ for 120 s, and 70 ℃ for 120 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen rotundum | |||
 Zhao et al., 2018 | Retrospective study | 53 | 3D template | 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃ in turn for 90 s | Operation time | Foramen ovale | [30] |
64 | Manual puncture | 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃ in turn for 90 s | Operation time | Foramen ovale | |||
 Zhang et al., 2018 | Retrospective study | 32 | 3D template | 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ in turn for 90 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen rotundum | [23] |
20 | Manual puncture | 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ in turn for 90 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen rotundum | |||
 Deng et al., 2017 | Retrospective study | 11 | 3D template | 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃ in turn for 90 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen Ovale | [24] |
 Lu et al., 2015 | Randomized controlled trial | 30 | 3D template | 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃ in turn for 60 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen ovale | [20] |
 Guo et al., 2019 | Case series | 4 | 3D CT + Frame stereotactic | 70 ℃ in the V1 and 75 ℃ in the V2 and V3, the time was not mentioned | One puncture success rate | Foramen ovale | [22] |
 Mandat et al., 2009 | Retrospective study | 3 | Frameless stereotactic | 70 ℃ for 60 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen ovale | [27] |
 Bale et al., 2006 | Retrospective study | 15 | Frameless stereotactic | N/A | One puncture success rate | Foramen ovale | [28] |
 Zheng et al., 2018 | Retrospective study | 44 | CT navigation | 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ in turn for 60–90 s | Operation time | Foramen ovale | [29] |
 Lin et al., 2011 | Retrospective study | 42 | CT navigation | 60–70 ℃ for 60–90 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen ovale | [26] |
 Chen et al., 2013 | Case report | 3 | Electromagnetic navigation | Temperature ranged from 65 to 80 ℃ for 300 s | One puncture success rate | Foramen ovale | [25] |