Fig. 2
From: Exosome-mediated effects and applications in inflammatory diseases of the digestive system
Secretion and application of exosomes. Release of exosomes: the plasma membrane is invaginated and some extracellular components and cell membrane proteins are wrapped together to form early endosomes. These early endosomes can exchange substances with other organelles, or these different early endosomes fuse with each other to form late endosomes. and further form intracellular multivesicular bodies, which will contain many intraluminal vesicles. These ILVs may be released in the future to become exosomes. These vesicles can act on various organs in the body (such as the oesophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, and pancreas) to exert their biological effects