Table 1 Demographic/clinical characteristics of neonates and mothers, exposure risk, and water sources
Variables | Â | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Variable name | Category | Frequencyb (%) | Mean (SD) |
Neonates | |||
 Sex | Female | 53 (51.5) |  |
Male | 50 (48.5) | ||
 Age (days) | 1–10 | 82 (79.6) | 6.5 (7.37) |
11–20 | 9 (8.7) | ||
21–30 | 11 (10.7) | ||
 Weight (kg) | 1.6–2.5 | 11 (10.7) | 3.2 (0.66) |
2.6–3.5 | 70 (68) | ||
3.6–4.5 | 19 (18.4) | ||
4.6–5.5 | 2 (1.94) | ||
5.6–6.5 | 1 (1) | ||
 Clinical presentationb | Fever | 87 (85.3) |  |
Lethargy | 61 (59.8) | ||
Poor feeding | 92 (90.2) | ||
Seizures | 21 (20.6) | ||
Respiratory dysfunction | 53 (52) | ||
Jaundice | 17 (16.7) | ||
 Time from onset of illness (fever) to sample collection (hours)a | 4–48 | 77 (74.8) | 52.1 (59.8) |
49–96 | 10 (9.7) | ||
97–144 | 1 (1) | ||
 > 144 | 9 (8.7) | ||
 Visible bruises | Yes | 58 (56.3) |  |
No | 43 (41.7) | ||
Mothers | |||
 Fever at pregnancy | Yes | 51 (49.5) |  |
No | 37 (35.9) | ||
Exposure risk and water sources | |||
 Rats | Yes | 92 (89.3) |  |
No | 11 (10.7) | ||
 Livestock | Yes | 77 (74.8) |  |
No | 26 (25.2) | ||
 Water source | Tape water | 57 (55.3) |  |
Well | 17 (16.5) | ||
Streams/river | 4 (3.9) | ||
Springs | 5 (4.9) | ||
Others | 20 (19.4) | ||