Table 1 Baseline characteristics and comparison between high-risk and low-risk SCAD
From: Treatment strategy for spontaneous coronary artery dissection based on anatomical characteristics
Global population (n = 81) | High-risk (n = 38) | Low-risk (n = 43) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical data | ||||
Age | 56.83 ± 12.77 | 54.87 ± 11.30 | 58.56 ± 13.85 | 0.196 |
Gender | ||||
Female | 55 (67.9) | 26 (68.4) | 29 (67.4) | 0.925 |
Male | 26 (32.1) | 12 (31.6) | 14 (32.6) | |
Coronary risk factor | ||||
Hypertension | 40 (49.4) | 16 (42.1) | 24 (55.8) | 0.218 |
Hyperlipidemia | 22 (27.2) | 9 (23.7) | 7 (16.3) | 0.404 |
Diabetes mellitus | 16 (19.8) | 14 (36.8) | 8 (18.6) | 0.066 |
Smoking | 18 (22.2) | 8 (21.1) | 10 (23.3) | 0.768 |
Clinical presentation | ||||
NSTEMI | 11 (13.6) | 2 (5.3) | 9 (20.9) | 0.237 |
STEMI | 19 (23.5) | 10 (26.3) | 9 (20.9) | |
UA | 47 (58.0) | 24 (63.2) | 23 (53.5) | |
SA | 4 (4.9) | 2 (5.3) | 2 (4.7) | |
Laboratory data | ||||
cTnT (ng/ml) | 0.18 ± 0.50 | 0.15 ± 0.51 | 0.20 ± 0.49 | 0.596 |
CK-MB (U/L) | 17.65 ± 14.69 | 19.43 ± 19.94 | 16.12 ± 7.83 | 0.331 |
NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 499.15 ± 639.84 | 369.77 ± 419.90 | 610.47 ± 769.08 | 0.094 |
D-dimer (mg/L) | 0.57 ± 1.00 | 0.33 ± 0.33 | 0.80 ± 1.33 | 0.054 |
EF (%) | 59.58 ± 8.77 | 59.62 ± 8.70 | 59.54 ± 8.96 | 0.967 |
CAG findings | ||||
Affected vessel | ||||
LAD | 26 (32.1) | 9 (23.7) | 17 (39.5) | 0.021 |
LCX | 8 (9.9) | 1 (2.6) | 7 (16.3) | |
RCA | 45 (55.6) | 26 (68.4) | 19 (44.2) | |
LM | 2 (2.5) | 2 (5.3) | 0 (0) | |
Affected segment | ||||
Proximal | 38 (46.9) | / | / | |
Middle | 30 (37.0) | / | / | / |
Distal | 13 (16.1) | / | / | / |
Saw classification | ||||
Type 1 | 47 (58.0) | 24 (63.2) | 23 (53.5) | 0.240 |
Type 2 | 30 (37.1) | 11 (29.0) | 19 (44.2) | |
Type 3 | 4 (4.9) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (2.3) | |
Coronary analysis | ||||
Stenosis (%) | 68.46 ± 24.24 | 71.90 ± 23.94 | 65.42 ± 24.38 | 0.232 |
Length (mm) | 40.12 ± 24.33 | 34.08 ± 23.51 | 45.47 ± 24.05 | 0.035 |
Initial TIMI flow | ||||
0 | 9 (11.1) | 4 (10.5) | 5 (11.6) | 0.502 |
1 | 4 (4.9) | 2 (5.3) | 2 (4.7) | |
2 | 2 (2.5) | 2 (5.3) | 0 (0) | |
3 | 66 (81.5) | 30 (78.9) | 36 (83.7) | |
Atherosclerosis | 35 (43.2) | 17 (44.7) | 18 (41.9) | 0.794 |
Thrombus | 6 (7.4) | 3 (7.9) | 3 (7.0) | 0.875 |
Treatment method | ||||
PCI | 40 (49.4) | 26 (68.4) | 14 (32.5) | 0.002 |
Conservative treatment | 36 (44.4) | 9 (23.7) | 27 (62.8) | |
CABG | 5 (6.2) | 3 (7.9) | 2 (4.7) | |
Number of stents | 1.89 ± 1.11 | 1.58 ± 1.02 | 2.55 ± 1.04 | 0.014 |
Follow-up | ||||
1 year MACE | 10 (12.3) | 6 (15.8) | 4 (9.3) | 0.376 |
UA | 6 (7.4) | 3 (7.9) | 3 (7.0) | |
Heart failure | 3 (3.7) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (2.3) | |
Cardiac death | 1 (1.2) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0) | |