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Table 1 Patients’ baseline characteristics

From: Risk factors for clinical progression in patients with pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease without culture-positive sputum: a single-center, retrospective study

Variables

Overall (N = 93)

Stable group (N = 41)

Progressive group (N = 52)

P value

Age (year)

70 (64–75)

70 (64–75)

70 (64–76)

0.650

Male sex

21 (22.6)

5 (12.2)

16 (30.8)

0.033

Body mass index (kg/m2)

20.8 ± 2.4

21.2 ± 2.7

20.5 ± 2.1

0.172

ICS user

6 (6.5)

2 (4.9)

4 (7.7)

0.583

Smoking status

0.711

Never smoker

72 (77.4)

31 (75.6)

41 (78.8)

 

Ex-smoker

21 (22.6)

10 (24.4)

11 (21.2)

 

Current smoker

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

Comorbidities

Hypertension

23 (24.7)

13 (31.7)

10 (19.2)

0.166

Asthma

6 (6.5)

2 (4.9)

4 (7.7)

0.583

History of pulmonary tuberculosis

7 (7.5)

2 (4.9)

5 (9.6)

0.390

Diabetes mellitus

5 (5.4)

4 (9.8)

1 (1.9)

0.096

Autoimmune disease

2 (2.2)

2 (4.9)

0 (0)

0.107

Sinusitis

5 (5.4)

2 (4.9)

3 (5.8)

0.850

Uterine myoma

6 (6.5)

2 (4.9)

4 (7.7)

0.583

GERD

2 (2.2)

1 (2.4)

1 (1.9)

0.865

Symptoms

Cough

21 (22.6)

9 (22.0)

12 (23.1)

0.897

Sputum

15 (16.1)

4 (9.8)

11 (21.2)

0.138

Hemoptysis

2 (2.2)

0 (0)

2 (3.8)

0.204

Weight loss

3 (3.2)

1 (2.4)

3 (3.2)

0.703

Fever

1 (1.1)

0 (0)

1 (1.9)

0.372

Laboratory exams

Positive for anti-GPL–core IgA antibody *

49 (53.8)

21 (52.5)

28 (54.9)

0.820

WBC (/μL)

5400 (4600–6500)

5200 (4500–6400)

5450 (4700–6500)

0.642

Segment (/μL)

3393 (2861–4164)

3202 (2840–4132)

3470 (2946–4184)

0.262

Lymphocyte (/μL)

1421 (1108–1818)

1552 (1235–1836)

1322 (1099–1673)

0.093

Monocyte (/μL)

270 (231–342)

256 (202–301)

285 (239–350)

0.018

Eosinophil (/μL)

81 (50–138)

81 (50–138)

81 (50–139)

0.997

Basophil (/μL)

21 (13–38)

22 (20–38)

20 (12–33)

0.265

Alb (g/dL) †

4.3 (4.1–4.6)

4.4 (4.2–4.5)

4.3 (4.0–4.6)

0.218

MLR

0.18 (0.14–0.25)

0.15 (0.13–0.20)

0.20 (0.17–0.28)

<0.001

Log10MLR

−0.73 ± 0.17

−0.77 ± 0.18

−0.67 ± 0.15

0.002

MLR ≥ 0.17

57 (61.3)

17 (41.5)

40 (76.9)

<0.001

Reason for clinical progression

Treatment initiation

38 (40.9)

0 (0)

38 (73.1)

<0.001

Positive sputum culture within 4 years after diagnosis

35 (37.6)

0 (0)

35 (67.3)

<0.001

  1. ICS, Inhaled corticosteroid; GERD, Gastroesophageal reflex disease; GPL, Glycopeptide lipid; MLR, Monocyte to lymphocyte ratio. Categorical variables are represented as absolute numbers (%). Continuous variables with normal distributions are shown as means ± standard deviation. Continuous variables with non-normal distributions are shown as medians and interquartile range. Categorical variables were analyzed using the Chi-squared test. Continuous variables were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test or Student’s t test as appropriate. P values are for comparisons between stable group and progressive group. Bold indicates significance (P < 0.05)
  2. *Positivity of anti-GPL–core IgA antibody are shown. N = 91, 40, 51
  3. †Albumin at diagnosis are shown. N = 92, 40, 52
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European Journal of Medical Research

ISSN: 2047-783X

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