Table 3 Results of the meta-analysis of intraoperative and recovery outcomes
Pooled outcomes | Studies (n) | Sample size, n (LG:OG) | Effect size with 95% CI | P value | Heterogeneity (I2, %) | Publication bias (Begg’s Test) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intraoperative outcomes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Operative time, min (MD) | 18 | 2096 (933:1163) | 25.98 (18.42–33.53) | < 0.0001 | 78 | 0.820 |
 Estimated blood loss, ml (MD) | 18 | 2096 (933:1163) | − 65.15 (− 91.02 to − 39.27) | < 0.0001 | 96 | 0.325 |
 Proximal margin, cm (MD) | 5 | 364 (167:197) | − 0.26 (− 0.60 to 0.08) | 0.13 | 0 | – |
 Distal margin, cm (MD) | 5 | 364 (167:197) | − 0.20 (− 0.65 to 0.25) | 0.38 | 0 | – |
 R1/R2 rate, n (OR) | 10 | 1026 (484:542) | 1.47 (0.67 to 3.20) | 0.34 | 0 | 0.368 |
 Number of retrieved lymph nodes, n (MD) | 16 | 1672 (832:840) | − 0.16 (− 1.43 to 1.10) | 0.80 | 55 | 0.620 |
Postoperative recovery outcomes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Time to first flatus, day (MD) | 12 | 1240 (605:635) | − 0.56 (− 0.77 to − 0.35) | < 0.0001 | 66 | 0.062 |
 Time to first liquid intake, day (MD) | 10 | 955 (473:482) | − 0.42 (− 0.76 to − 0.08) | 0.02 | 53 | 0.371 |
 Time to remove gastric tube, day (MD) | 3 | 452 (138:314) | − 0.73 (− 2.17 to 0.72) | 0.32 | 69 | – |
 Time to remove drainage tube, day (MD) | 4 | 317 (146:171) | − 0.69 (− 1.14 to 0.08) | 0.08 | 0 | – |
 Postoperative hospital stay, day (MD) | 18 | 2096 (933:1163) | − 2.26(− 3.60 to − 0.92) |  < 0.0001 | 97 | 0.363 |