Variant rs17619600 in the gene encoding serotonin receptor 2B (HTR2B) increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

Table 1 Characteristics of women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus

	Without GDM	With GDM	P value
N	443	453
Age (years)	29.1 (24.4–33.4)	33.2 (28.8–37.1)	< 0.0001
White (%)^a	85	85	0.94
Parity	1.0 (1.0–2.0)	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	< 0.0001
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)	24.7 (21.8–28.1)	28.2 (24.8–32.9)	< 0.0001
Positive family history of T2D (%)	49	58	< 0.0001
Weight gain during pregnancy (kg)^b	12.0 (8.7–15.2)	9.0 (5.0–13.3)	< 0.0001
Preeclampsia (%)	8.4	8.5	0.76
Arterial hypertension (%)	7.5	23.8	< 0.0001
Smoking (%)	9.1	7.9	0.30
Use of medicines (%)	28	51	< 0.0001
Insulin treatment (%)^c	–	18.7	–
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)	78 (74–82)	92 (83–97)	< 0.0001
Cesarean delivery (%)	48	60	0.001
Newborn birth weight (g)	3240 (2897–3542)	3210 (2780–3512)	0.04

Results expressed as median and interquartile range
BMI: body mass index; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; T2D: type 2 diabetes mellitus
^aSelf-defined ethnicity
^bWeight gain during pregnancy was calculated by subtracting the pre-pregnancy weight (or the weight measured at first appointment, held before 12 weeks) from the weight at delivery (although women had been recruited between 24 and 28 weeks, they were being followed at the Obstetric Clinic and these data were registered in the electronical medical record)
^cOnly the participants with GDM needed insulin. The Mann–Whitney test for independent samples was used to compare continuous variables between the studied groups, while categorical variables were compared by Pearson’s χ² test
The Mann-Whitney test P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. The missing data (percentage) for each reported variable is as follows: age (0.77%), ethnicity (8.7%), parity (7.1%), BMI (1.88%), family history (0%), weight gain (4.5%), preeclampsia (0.33%), arterial hypertension (1.2%), smoking (14.6%), use of medicines (1.4%), insulin treatment (0.5%), fasting plasma glucose (5.5%), type of delivery (16.4%), newborn birth weight (16.7%)

ISSN: 2047-783X