Risk-stratified multi-round PSA screening for prostate cancer integrating the screening reference level and subgroup-specific progression indicators

Table 1 Associations of PSA progression with prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality

Subgroups	PSA progression	Participants, N (%)	Event, N (%)	Follow-up, 1000 PYs	Event rate, per 1000 PYs	Adjusted HR (95%CI)^a	P value^a
PCa incidence
FR(−)/LR(−)	Prog(−)	7766(70.9)	121(46.0)	55.06	2.20	Ref.
FR(−)/LR(−)	Prog(+)	3187(29.1)	142(54.0)	22.97	6.18	2.41(1.87–3.10)	< 0.001
FR(−)/LR(+)	Prog(−)	2159(54.8)	181(31.4)	14.88	12.16	Ref.
FR(−)/LR(+)	Prog(+)	1784(45.2)	396(68.6)	11.08	35.75	2.91(2.43–3.48)	< 0.001
FR(+)/LR(+)	Prog(−)	4172(58.9)	760(34.8)	27.23	27.91	Ref.
FR(+)/LR(+)	Prog(+)	2906(41.1)	1485(65.2)	12.03	123.41	3.16(2.88–3.46)	< 0.001
PCa mortality
FR(−)/LR(−)	Prog(−)	7766(70.9)	10(47.6)	90.26	0.11	Ref.
FR(−)/LR(−)	Prog(+)	3187(29.1)	11(52.4)	36.83	0.30	2.22(0.91–5.38)	0.079
FR(−)/LR(+)	Prog(−)	2159(54.8)	16(34.0)	25.30	0.63	Ref.
FR(−)/LR(+)	Prog(+)	1784(45.2)	31(66.0)	20.45	1.52	2.37(1.28–4.38)	0.006
FR(+)/LR(+)	Prog(−)	4172(58.9)	32(26.4)	48.80	0.66	Ref.
FR(+)/LR(+)	Prog(+)	2906(41.1)	89(73.6)	34.52	2.58	2.98(1.94–4.59)	< 0.001

PY, person-year; HR (95%CI), hazard ratio (95% confidential interval); FR(−)/LR(−), stable negative PSA; FR(−)/LR(+), gain of positive; FR(+)/LR(+), stable positive PSA; Prog, progression; -, negative;+ , positive
^aAdjusted all potentially confounding factors mentioned in the method

ISSN: 2047-783X