Table 1 Characteristics description of patients

N

1167

817

350

Status = 1 (%)

535 (45.8)

385 (47.1)

150 (42.9)

0.202

Gender = Male (%)

739 (63.3)

524 (64.1)

215 (61.4)

0.416

Marital status (%)

0.239

 Divorced

54 (4.6)

31 (3.8)

23 (6.6)

 Married

409 (35.0)

288 (35.3)

121 (34.6)

 Other

223 (19.1)

163 (20.0)

60 (17.1)

 Single

319 (27.3)

225 (27.5)

94 (26.9)

 Window

162 (13.9)

110 (13.5)

52 (14.9)

Race (%)

0.069

 Asian

33 (2.8)

17 (2.1)

16 (4.6)

 Black

61 (5.2)

44 (5.4)

17 (4.9)

 Other

354 (30.3)

258 (31.6)

96 (27.4)

 White

719 (61.6)

498 (61.0)

221 (63.1)

 Acidosis = Yes (%)

194 (16.6)

131 (16.0)

63 (18.0)

0.459

 AKI = Yes (%)

273 (23.4)

190 (23.3)

83 (23.7)

0.925

 Anemia = Yes (%)

480 (41.1)

339 (41.5)

141 (40.3)

0.75

 Atrial fibrillation = Yes (%)

170 (14.6)

122 (14.9)

48 (13.7)

0.653

 Depressive = Yes (%)

210 (18.0)

145 (17.7)

65 (18.6)

0.801

 Diabetes = Yes (%)

281 (24.1)

200 (24.5)

81 (23.1)

0.678

 Esophageal reflux = Yes (%)

214 (18.3)

155 (19.0)

59 (16.9)

0.44

 Heart failure = Yes (%)

213 (18.3)

146 (17.9)

67 (19.1)

0.665

 Hyperlipidemia = Yes (%)

359 (30.8)

241 (29.5)

118 (33.7)

0.174

 Hypertension = Yes (%)

613 (52.5)

426 (52.1)

187 (53.4)

0.734

 Thrombocytopenia = Yes (%)

186 (15.9)

130 (15.9)

56 (16.0)

1

 Toxic encephalopathy = Yes (%)

135 (11.6)

89 (10.9)

46 (13.1)

0.317

 Urinary tract infection = Yes (%)

297 (25.4)

205 (25.1)

92 (26.3)

0.722

 Dopamine = Yes (%)

9 (0.8)

6 (0.7)

3 (0.9)

1

 Epinephrine = Yes (%)

13 (1.1)

10 (1.2)

3 (0.9)

0.808

 Norepinephrine = Yes (%)

70 (6.0)

51 (6.2)

19 (5.4)

0.688

 Invasive ventilation = Yes (%)

417 (35.7)

301 (36.8)

116 (33.1)

0.254

 NGT = Yes (%)

45 (3.9)

27 (3.3)

18 (5.1)

0.184

 Urinary catheter = Yes (%)

96 (8.2)

55 (6.7)

41 (11.7)

0.006

GCS score (%)

0.498

 13–15

692 (59.3)

490 (60.0)

202 (57.7)

 3–5

91 (7.8)

67 (8.2)

24 (6.9)

 6–8

147 (12.6)

103 (12.6)

44 (12.6)

 9–12

237 (20.3)

157 (19.2)

80 (22.9)

 Age (median [IQR])

66.00 [49.00, 80.00]

65.00 [50.00, 80.00]

66.00 [47.25, 80.75]

0.732

 Lactate (mmol/L) (median [IQR])

1.90 [1.40, 2.95]

2.00 [1.40, 3.00]

1.90 [1.40, 2.77]

0.296

 Basophils (%) (median [IQR])

0.30 [0.20, 0.50]

0.30 [0.20, 0.50]

0.30 [0.20, 0.50]

0.216

 Eosinophils (%) (median [IQR])

0.60 [0.10, 1.50]

0.60 [0.10, 1.70]

0.60 [0.20, 1.30]

0.615

 Lymphocytes (%) (median [IQR])

12.20 [7.70, 19.70]

12.20 [7.60, 20.00]

12.45 [7.70, 18.40]

0.976

 Monocytes (%) (median [IQR])

5.70 [4.05, 7.70]

5.70 [4.10, 7.60]

5.60 [4.03, 7.70]

0.857

 Neutrophils (%) (median [IQR])

78.90 [69.70, 85.50]

78.60 [69.20, 85.60]

79.35 [70.73, 85.18]

0.917

 Anion gap (mEq/L) (median [IQR])

16.00 [13.00, 18.00]

16.00 [13.00, 18.00]

15.00 [13.00, 18.00]

0.262

 Bicarbonate (mEq/L) (median [IQR])

23.00 [21.00, 26.00]

23.00 [21.00, 26.00]

23.00 [21.00, 26.00]

0.722

 Calcium (mg/dL) (median [IQR])

8.60 [8.10, 9.10]

8.60 [8.10, 9.10]

8.60 [8.20, 9.10]

0.606

 Creatinine (mg/dL) (median [IQR])

0.90 [0.75, 1.20]

1.00 [0.80, 1.20]

0.90 [0.70, 1.10]

0.095

 Urea nitrogen (mg/dL) (median [IQR])

17.00 [12.00, 23.00]

17.00 [13.00, 23.00]

16.00 [12.00, 22.00]

0.271

 INR (median [IQR])

1.10 [1.00, 1.30]

1.10 [1.00, 1.30]

1.10 [1.00, 1.20]

0.324

 PT (s) (median [IQR])

12.30 [11.40, 14.05]

12.40 [11.40, 14.20]

12.30 [11.40, 13.60]

0.24

 PTT (s) (median [IQR])

27.60 [24.90, 31.30]

27.80 [25.00, 31.70]

27.20 [24.83, 30.67]

0.114

 Hematocrit (%) (median [IQR])

38.00 [33.80, 41.70]

37.80 [33.40, 41.60]

38.40 [34.92, 42.00]

0.104

 Hemoglobin (g/dL) (median [IQR])

12.70 [11.20, 14.00]

12.70 [11.10, 14.00]

12.90 [11.60, 14.00]

0.057

 MCH (pg) (median [IQR])

30.80 [29.50, 32.20]

30.70 [29.40, 32.20]

30.85 [29.52, 32.10]

0.851

 MCHC (g/dL) (median [IQR])

33.40 [32.40, 34.30]

33.40 [32.40, 34.30]

33.50 [32.50, 34.38]

0.464

 MCV (fL) (median [IQR])

92.00 [88.00, 96.00]

92.00 [88.00, 96.00]

92.00 [89.00, 96.00]

0.76

 Platelets (K/µL) (median [IQR])

211.00 [168.50, 267.00]

213.00 [169.00, 269.00]

208.00 [166.25, 254.75]

0.145

 RBC (m/µL) (median [IQR])

4.13 [3.64, 4.56]

4.11 [3.60, 4.56]

4.18 [3.73, 4.53]

0.169

 RDW (%) (median [IQR])

13.60 [12.90, 14.60]

13.60 [12.90, 14.60]

13.50 [12.90, 14.60]

0.409

 WBC (K/µL) (median [IQR])

10.70 [7.80, 14.80]

10.80 [7.80, 15.00]

10.50 [7.73, 14.47]

0.318