Fig. 3

Schematic representation of the most representative drug clases used as repurposing drugs in oncology. Symbols: ↑increase, ↓decrease. Akt protein kinase B, Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2, Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra-large, CDK cyclin-dependent kinases, COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2, CPX cyclopirox olamine, DR4/5 death receptor 4/5, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, EMT epithelial–mesenchymal transition, Erk1/2 extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, HIF-1 hypoxia-inducible factor-1, MMPs matrix metalloproteinase, mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin, NF-KB nuclear factor kappa B, P53 TP53 or tumor protein 53, PARP Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, PI3k/Akt phosphoinositide-3-kinase–protein kinase B/Akt, PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, ROS reactive oxygen species, SOD2 superoxide dismutase, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha, TRAIL TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand, VEGFR-2 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, Wnt wingless-related integration site, XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein