Endothelial markers | Ligands | Effects |
---|---|---|
Endoglin | TGF-β | Essential for angiogenesis |
vWF | Factor VIII, platelet glycoprotein, heparin, and collagen | Regulating angiogenesis, proliferation and migration as well as Ang-2 release |
ICAM-1 | ICAM-1 | Modulating leukocyteadhesion and movement on endothelial cells |
VCAM-1 | VLA-4 integrin | Modulating leukocyteadhesion and movement on endothelial cells |
PECAM-1 | CD31 | Promoting endothelial intercellular junction to enhance endothelial barrier properties. modulate leukocyte adhesion and movement on endothelial cells |
E-selectin | Sialyl-Lewis X antigen and other carbohydrates | Modulating leukocyte movement on endothelial cells |
P-selectin | Carbohydrate determinants on selectin ligands | Regulating leukocyte adhesion and movement on endothelial cells |
VEGFR-1(Flt-1) | VEGF | Stimulating endothelial cell migration, hyperpermeability, and angiogenesis |
VEGFR-2 (Flk-1) | VEGF | Promoting certain cancers progression |
Tie-2 | Angiopoietins | Regulating angiogenesis and permeability of endothelial cells |
ACE | Angiotensin | Catalyzing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II to induce vasoconstriction and increase vascular permeability |
ANGPTLs | Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors | Regulating angiogenesis and some may exhibit other functions |