Table 2 Intra- and inter-group comparisons of mean daily energy and some selected nutrients intakes
Variable | Group 1 (n1 = 30) | Group 2 (n2 = 32) | Group 3 (n3 = 30) | P2 | P3 | P4 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initial | Final | P1 | Initial | Final | P1 | Initial | Final | P1 | ||||
Energy (kcal) | 1682.2 ± 99.6 | 1738.8 ± 126.4 | 0.610 | 1662.4 ± 63.0 | 1801.3 ± 98.2 | 0.130 | 1718.6 ± 65.1 | 1695.7 ± 107.0 | 0.838 | 0.828 | 0.680 | 0.357 |
Carbohydrate (g) | 246.9 ± 20.3 | 306.4 ± 57.7 | 0.263 | 255.4 ± 13.5 | 271.3 ± 18.2 | 0.271 | 261.2 ± 11.1 | 259.5 ± 17.0 | 0.926 | 0.624 | 0.461 | 0.947 |
Protein (g) | 64.1 ± 3.2 | 64.4 ± 5.0 | 0.953 | 62.6 ± 3.0 | 70.0 ± 4.8 | 0.139 | 61.1 ± 3.2 | 60.2 ± 3.7 | 0.405 | 0.579 | 0.661 | 0.182 |
Fat (g) | 51.6 ± 3.4 | 50.4 ± 4.0 | 0.775 | 46.2 ± 3.2 | 46.9 ± 3.3 | 0.820 | 48.8 ± 2.9 | 45.7 ± 3.5 | 0.311 | 0.995 | 0.726 | 0.752 |
Total dietary fiber (g) | 15.2 ± 1.2 | 14.2 ± 1.3 | 0.381 | 15.3 ± 0.8 | 16.3 ± 1.2 | 0.514 | 12.7 ± 1.2 | 14.6 ± 2.0 | 0.440 | 0.588 | 0.828 | 0.939 |
Vitamin A (μg) | 753.5 = 131.2 | 573.0 ± 115.9 | 0.272 | 569.6 ± 97.0 | 419.5 ± 41.5 | 0.174 | 807.4 ± 198.4 | 519.6 ± 72.3 | 0.159 | 0.452 | 0.883 | 0.779 |
Iron (mg) | 13.8 ± 1.0 | 13.7 ± 1.1 | 0.983 | 14.3 ± 0.6 | 16.1 ± 1.4 | 0.242 | 13.2 ± 0.7 | 14.9 = 2.5 | 0.311 | 0.622 | 0.735 | 0.991 |
Zinc (mg) | 6.4 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 0.315 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 6.5 ± 0.8 | 0.349 | 6.6 ± 0.3 | 5.5 ± 0.7 | 0.153 | 0.509 | 0.907 | 0.816 |
Calcium (mg) | 572.0 ± 40.2 | 564.3 ± 44.4 | 0.869 | 576.4 ± 43.3 | 591.4 ± 41.0 | 0.748 | 574.7 ± 37.8 | 571.6 ± 50.9 | 0.562 | 0.902 | 0.531 | 0.303 |