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Table 3 Comparison between favorable clinical outcome and poor clinical outcome groups after MT

From: The risk and outcome of malignant brain edema in post-mechanical thrombectomy: acute ischemic stroke by anterior circulation occlusion

 

Favorable clinical outcome (mRS ≤ 2)

(N = 68)

Poor clinical outcome (mRS ≥ 3)

(N = 87)

P

Age, mean ± SD, years

62.59 ± 11.19

64.52 ± 13.43

0.342

Male, n (%)

44(64.7)

58(66.7)

0.798

Medical history, n (%)

   

 Hypertension

42(61.8)

52(59.8)

0.801

 Diabetes mellitus

16(23.5)

25(28.7)

0.466

 Coronary heart disease

16(23.5)

13(14.9)

0.174

 Past history of stroke

14(20.6)

22(25.3)

0.492

 Atrial fibrillation

22(32.4)

31(35.6)

0.669

 Smoking

35(51.5)

42(48.3)

0.693

 Alcohol use

28(41.2)

43(49.4)

0.306

Clinical and imaging characteristics

   

 NIHSS score at admission, median (IQR), score

13(11–16)

15(12–18)

0.007

 Baseline ASPECT score, median (IQR), score

8.5(8–10)

8(7–10)

0.501

 Present HMCAS, n (%)

39(57.4)

40(46.0)

0.160

 Signs of early infarction, n (%)

32(47.1)

49(56.3)

0.252

TOAST classification, n (%)

  

0.701

 LAA

45(66.2)

52(59.8)

 

 Cardioembolic

17(25.0)

25(28.7)

 

 Undetermined or others

6(8.8)

10(11.5)

 

Occluded vessel region, n (%)

  

0.473

 ICAT

12(17.6)

17(19.5)

 

 MCA M1

40(58.8)

45(51.7)

 

 MCA M2

7(10.3)

6(6.9)

 

 ICA + MCA

9(13.2)

19(21.8)

 

Time from onset to imaging,

median (IQR), min

196(108.25–341.75)

181(100–336)

0.861

OTP, median (IQR), min

387.5(216.75–502.25)

345(185–560)

0.660

Intravenous thrombolysis, n (%)

16(23.5)

25(28.7)

0.466

Angiographic favorable collaterals, n (%)

37(54.4)

17(19.5)

 < 0.001

Number of retrieval attempts, median (IQR), count

1(1–2)

2(1–2)

0.009

Balloon dilatation, n (%)

11(16.2)

7(8.0)

0.117

Stent implantation, n (%)

4(5.9)

3(3.4)

0.700

Revascularization (mTICI ≥ 2b), n (%)

64(94.1)

66(75.9)

0.002

MBE, n (%)

4(5.9)

26(29.9)

 < 0.001

  1. mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; ASPECT, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT; HMCAS, hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment; LAA, large-artery atherosclerosis; ICAT, internal carotid artery terminal; MCA M1, middle cerebral artery M1 segment; MCA M2, middle cerebral artery M2 segment; ICA, internal carotid artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; OTP, time from onset to puncture; mTICI, modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction; MBE, malignant brain edema