Table 2 Basic characteristics of the study participants
From: HOMA-IR is positively correlated with biological age and advanced aging in the US adult population
Variable | Total (n = 12,266) | Non-advanced aging (n = 6777) | Advanced aging (n = 5489) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD | 46.4 (0.3) | 47.7 (0.3) | 44.6 (0.4) |  < 0.0001 |
Sex, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
 Female | 6343 (51.4) | 4124 (62.2) | 2219 (37.5) |  |
 Male | 5923 (48.6) | 2653 (37.8) | 3270 (62.5) |  |
PIR, mean ± SD | 3.0 ± 0.0 | 3.1 ± 0.0 | 2.9 ± 0.0 |  < 0.0001 |
BMI (kg/m2),mean ± SD | 28.3 ± 0.1 | 27.2 ± 0.1 | 29.7 ± 0.1 |  < 0.0001 |
Ethnic, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
 Mexican American | 2589 (7.8) | 1397 (7.2) | 1192 (8.7) |  |
 Non-Hispanic Black | 2173 (10.5) | 996 (8.5) | 1177 (13.0) |  |
 Non-Hispanic White | 6182 (71.5) | 3647 (74.6) | 2535 (67.6) |  |
 Other Hispanic | 838 (4.8) | 481 (4.5) | 357 (5.2) |  |
 Other Races | 484 (5.4) | 256 (5.2) | 228 (5.5) |  |
Marital status, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
 Divorced | 1139 (9.2) | 683 (10.5) | 456 (7.8) |  |
 Living with partner | 867 (7.2) | 430 (6.5) | 437 (8.5) |  |
 Married | 6769 (57.5) | 3908 (62.0) | 2861 (54.2) |  |
 Never married | 1839 (15.9) | 831 (12.5) | 1008 (21.0) |  |
 Separated | 385 (2.5) | 229 (2.6) | 156 (2.4) |  |
 Widowed | 1073 (5.8) | 575 (5.9) | 498 (6.1) |  |
Alcohol use, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
 Former | 2389 (16.4) | 1272 (16.3) | 1117 (18.2) |  |
 Heavy | 2307 (19.8) | 1197 (18.9) | 1110 (22.8) |  |
 Mild | 3787 (33.8) | 2150 (36.8) | 1637 (33.2) |  |
 Moderate | 1586 (15.0) | 934 (17.0) | 652 (14.0) |  |
 Never | 1631 (10.9) | 902 (11.1) | 729 (11.8) |  |
Smoking, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.53 |
 Former | 3241 (25.6) | 1822 (26.1) | 1419 (25.0) |  |
 Never | 6445 (51.4) | 3526 (51.1) | 2919 (52.0) |  |
 Now | 2569 (22.9) | 1423 (22.9) | 1146 (23.1) |  |
ALT (U/L), median (IQR) | 21.0 (16.0,29.0) | 20.0 (16.0,26.0) | 24.0 (18.0,33.0) |  < 0.0001 |
AST (U/L), median (IQR) | 23.0 (19.0,27.0) | 22.0 (19.0,26.0) | 23.0 (20.0,28.0) |  < 0.0001 |
HDL (mmol/L), median (IQR) | 1.3 (1.1,1.6) | 1.4 (1.1,1.7) | 1.2 (1.0,1.5) |  < 0.0001 |
TG (mmol/L), median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.8,1.8) | 1.1 (0.8,1.6) | 1.3 (0.9,2.0) |  < 0.0001 |
HOMA-IR, mean ± SD | 3.1 ± 0.0 | 2.6 ± 0.0 | 3.9 ± 0.1 |  < 0.0001 |