HOMA-IR is positively correlated with biological age and advanced aging in the US adult population

Table 7 Stratified associations between HOMA-IR and Biological Age, Adjusted for Covariates

Characteristic	No. of participants	β (95% CI)	P	P for interaction
Sex				< 0.0001
Female	6343	0.8 (0.6, 1.1)	< 0.0001
Male	5923	0.5 (0.3, 0.6)	< 0.0001
Smoke				0.4
Former	3241	0.5 (0.2, 0.8)	< 0.001
Never	6445	0.5 (0.3, 0.7)	< 0.0001
Now	2569	0.8 (0.5, 1.0)	< 0.0001
BMI				< 0.001
< 18.5	181	0.7 ( − 2.6, 4.0)	0.6
≥ 18.5, < 24	2626	1.2 (0.4, 2.0)	0.004
≥ 24, < 28	3509	1.4 (1.0, 1.8)	< 0.0001
≥ 28	5780	0.5 (0.4, 0.6)	< 0.0001
Ethnic				0.1
Mexican American	2589	0.5 (0.3, 0.8)	< 0.001
Non-Hispanic Black	2173	0.5 (0.3, 0.8)	< 0.001
Non-Hispanic White	6182	0.6 (0.4, 0.7)	< 0.0001
Other Hispanic	838	0.3 (0.0, 0.5)	0.1
Other Race	484	1 (0.5, 1.6)	< 0.001
Alcohol use				0.03
Former	2389	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	< 0.0001
Heavy	2703	0.5 (0.3, 0.7)	< 0.0001
Mild	3787	0.8 (0.6, 1.1)	< 0.0001
Moderate	1586	0.8 (0.4, 1.2)	< 0.001
Never	1631	0.6 (0.3, 1.0)	< 0.001

Model adjusted for sex, BMI, smoke, ethnic, alcohol use, mar, PIR, ALT, AST, TG, HDL
In each case, the model is not adjusted for the stratification variable

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