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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients grouped by persistent severe SA-AKI

From: Low HDL-C can be a biomarker to predict persistent severe AKI in septic patients? A retrospective cohort study

N

Not persistent severe SA-AKI

Persistent severe SA-AKI

p. overall

N = 516

N = 88

 

Age (years)

69.5 [59.0;80.5]

67.4 [54.7;80.0]

0.364

Gender, Male, n%

311 (60.3%)

57 (64.8%)

0.495

Ethnicity, n%

  

0.184

 White

306 (59.3%)

42 (47.7%)

 

 Asian

5 (0.97%)

1 (1.14%)

 

 Black

40 (7.75%)

8 (9.09%)

 

 Other

165 (32.0%)

37 (42.0%)

 

Admission type, n%

  

0.600

 Emergency

6 (1.16%)

0 (0.00%)

 

 Non-emergency

510 (98.8%)

88 (100%)

 

Charlson_comorbidity_index

6.00 [4.00;8.00]

6.00 [4.00;8.00]

0.771

Comorbidities, n%

   

Hypertension

263 (51.0%)

34 (38.6%)

0.043

Coronary_atherosclerosis

203 (39.3%)

51 (58.0%)

0.002

Chronic_heart_failure

189 (36.6%)

41 (46.6%)

0.097

Chronic_liver_disease

58 (11.2%)

12 (13.6%)

0.639

Diabetes

159 (30.8%)

32 (36.4%)

0.362

Chronic_kidney_disease

96 (18.6%)

21 (23.9%)

0.314

Peripheral_vascular_disease

51 (9.88%)

8 (9.09%)

0.970

Cerebrovascular_disease

260 (50.4%)

28 (31.8%)

0.002

Chronic_pulmonary_disease

88 (17.1%)

12 (13.6%)

0.521

Cancer

43 (8.33%)

5 (5.68%)

0.524

Severity scale

   

SOFA Score

6.00 [4.00;8.00]

11.0 [7.00;14.0]

 < 0.001

Non renal SOFA Score

5.00[3.00;7.00]

9.00[5.00;11.00]

 < 0.001

APSIII Score

51.0 [39.8;66.0]

81.5 [61.8;97.2]

 < 0.001

Vital signs

   

Heart rate (beats/min)

103 [90.0;115]

110 [94.0;128]

0.001

RR (times/min)

27.0 [24.0;31.0]

29.0 [25.0;33.0]

0.109

MAP (mmHg)

62.0 [55.0;69.0]

55.0 [46.0;63.2]

 < 0.001

Spo2 (%)

93.0 [91.0;95.0]

93.0 [88.0;95.0]

0.047

Temperature (℃)

36.6 [36.2;36.8]

36.4 [35.8;36.7]

0.025

Laboratory tests

   

BUN (mg/dL)

22.0 [16.0;33.0]

34.0 [23.8;48.0]

 < 0.001

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.20 [0.90;1.60]

2.40 [1.58;3.73]

 < 0.001

Δ_Scr (mg/dL)

0.00 [-0.20;0.10]

0.35 [-0.10;1.02]

 < 0.001

Sodium (mEg/L)

141 [138;144]

140 [138;144]

0.951

Potassium (mEq/L)

4.40 [4.10;4.80]

4.90 [4.30;5.80]

 < 0.001

Chloride (mEq/L)

106 [103;109]

105 [101;111]

0.454

Aniongap (mmol/L)

17.0 [14.0;19.0]

21.0 [17.8;26.2]

 < 0.001

INR

1.20 [1.10;1.50]

1.50 [1.20;2.30]

 < 0.001

PT(s)

13.8 [12.5;16.3]

16.3 [13.4;25.0]

 < 0.001

APTT(s)

32.8 [27.4;54.9]

48.1 [32.3;92.7]

 < 0.001

Platelets (k/uL)

176 [133;228]

148 [96.5;225]

0.015

WBC (k/uL)

13.5 [10.1;17.3]

15.4 [12.0;21.6]

0.002

Hemoglobin (g/uL)

11.1 ± 2.37

11.0 ± 2.44

0.781

RBC (k/uL)

3.73 [3.21;4.22]

3.35 [2.72;4.14]

0.009

RDW

14.2 [13.5;15.4]

14.6 [13.9;16.3]

 < 0.001

Bilirubin_total (mg/dl)

0.70 [0.40;1.20]

0.90 [0.58;2.10]

0.002

Albumin (g/dl)

3.50 [2.90;3.90]

3.00 [2.60;3.40]

 < 0.001

Ast (U/L)

46.0 [26.0;150]

193 [43.5;785]

 < 0.001

Alt (U/L)

30.5 [18.0;94.5]

79.5 [28.0;294]

 < 0.001

Alp (U/L)

76.0 [60.0;101]

89.5 [64.8;127]

0.002

Glucose (mg/dL)

158 [125;216]

216 [157;350]

 < 0.001

Lactate (mmol/L)

1.60 [1.10;2.70]

2.65 [1.58;4.82]

 < 0.001

HDL_C (mg/dl)

42.0 [31.0;53.0]

33.0 [24.0;45.5]

 < 0.001

Interventions, n%

   

KRT

19 (3.68%)

44 (50.0%)

 < 0.001

Mechanical ventilation

  

0.001

 None

28 (5.43%)

2 (2.27%)

 

 Invasive

344 (66.7%)

76 (86.4%)

 

 Non invasive

144 (27.9%)

10 (11.4%)

 

Vasopressor use

208 (40.3%)

66 (75.0%)

 < 0.001

Diuretic

342 (66.3%)

55 (62.5%)

0.569

Statin

291 (56.4%)

42 (47.7%)

0.163

Aminoglycoside

40 (7.75%)

32 (36.4%)

 < 0.001

ACEI/ARBs

99 (19.2%)

5 (5.68%)

0.003

Prognosis

   

Length of hospital stay (d), median (IQR)

10.7 [7.13;16.9]

11.8 [6.70;17.8]

0.984

Length of ICU stay (d), median (IQR)

5.35 [3.62;9.70]

6.82 [4.58;11.4]

0.001

Death in hospital, n%

44 (14.0%)

59 (39.1%)

 < 0.001

Death in ICU, n%

29 (9.21%)

48 (31.8%)

 < 0.001

  1. SA-AKI Sepsis Associated Acute kidney injury, APS III Acute Physiology Score III, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, KRT Kidney replacement therapy, RR Respiratory rate, MAP mean arterial pressure, ACEI/ARBs Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, APTT Activated partial thromboplastin time, PT Prothrombin time, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, WBC White blood cell, RBC Red blood cell, ΔScr Changes in serum creatinine within 24 after ICU admission, RDW Red blood cell distribution width, Ast Aspartate transaminase, Alt Alanine transaminase, Alp Alkaline phosphatase, ICU Intensive care unit, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol
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European Journal of Medical Research

ISSN: 2047-783X

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