Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants according to the body mass index (BMI) classifications
Variable | Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | Normal weight (18.5–23.9 kg/m2) | Overweight (24.0–27.9 kg/m2) | Obese (≥ 28 kg/m2) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 193 | n = 2852 | n = 2224 | n = 522 | ||
Age, years | 40.56 ± 15.51 | 47.08 ± 12.73 | 49.93 ± 11.81 | 47.22 ± 12.21 | < 0.001 |
Sex, n (%) | |||||
Female | 136 (70.47%) | 1399 (49.05%) | 504 (22.66%) | 90 (17.24%) | < 0.001 |
Male | 57 (29.53%) | 1453 (50.95%) | 1720 (77.34%) | 432 (82.76%) | |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 2 (1.23%) | 26 (1.24%) | 42 (2.51%) | 13 (3.55%) | 0.003 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 10 (6.17%) | 166 (7.92%) | 323 (19.28%) | 90 (24.59%) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 0 (0.00%) | 71 (3.39%) | 84 (5.01%) | 25 (6.83%) | < 0.001 |
MAP, mmHg | 83.23 ± 11.19 | 88.46 ± 12.30 | 95.82 ± 12.64 | 100.09 ± 13.15 | < 0.001 |
ALT, U/L | 16.58 ± 13.61 | 21.59 ± 29.51 | 29.31 ± 20.54 | 39.66 ± 26.84 | < 0.001 |
AST, U/L | 22.58 ± 19.00 | 23.02 ± 14.44 | 25.47 ± 10.95 | 28.48 ± 13.26 | < 0.001 |
FBG, mmol/L | 5.10 ± 0.70 | 5.44 ± 1.11 | 5.77 ± 1.38 | 6.05 ± 1.55 | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 61.68 ± 11.66 | 68.52 ± 18.81 | 74.91 ± 16.88 | 74.88 ± 14.21 | < 0.001 |
Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 4.57 ± 1.22 | 4.91 ± 1.36 | 5.11 ± 1.27 | 5.12 ± 1.30 | < 0.001 |
Uric acid, μmol/L | 285.21 ± 69.94 | 330.92 ± 85.52 | 388.00 ± 91.61 | 421.58 ± 94.86 | < 0.001 |
TG, mmol/L | 0.98 ± 0.41 | 1.43 ± 1.05 | 2.05 ± 1.51 | 2.29 ± 1.70 | < 0.001 |
TC, mmol/L | 4.82 ± 0.97 | 5.12 ± 0.99 | 5.28 ± 1.06 | 5.24 ± 1.06 | < 0.001 |
HDL, mmol/L | 1.68 ± 0.37 | 1.45 ± 0.33 | 1.25 ± 0.28 | 1.17 ± 0.24 | < 0.001 |
LDL, mmol/L | 2.70 ± 0.77 | 3.09 ± 0.82 | 3.27 ± 0.89 | 3.29 ± 0.84 | < 0.001 |
Incident of elevated liver stiffness, n (%) | 5 (2.59%) | 49 (1.72%) | 101 (4.54%) | 75 (14.37%) | < 0.001 |