Table 1 Therapeutic application of Evs in CNS
From: Current progression in application of extracellular vesicles in central nervous system diseases
Representatives | Study | Object | Model | Sample size | Evs Source | Targeting peptide | Active ingredient | Loading method | Administration route |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cerebral ischemia | Tian [85] | C57BL/6 | MCAO | n ≥ 8 | BMSCs | c(RGDyK) | Cur | Sucrose gradient centrifugation | Tail vein injection |
Zhang [74] | Wistar rats | TBI/CCI | n = 40 | hMSCs | – | – | – | Tail vein injection | |
Li [75] | Sprague–Dawley | MCAO | n = 54 | BMSCs | – | miR-150-5p | LNP transfection | Stereotactic injection | |
Yang [81] | – | PT | n = 18 | HEK293 | RVG | circSCMH1 | Plasmid transfection | Tail vein injection | |
Tian [73] | C57BL/6 | MCAO | n = 15 | ReN | Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) | – | Lentivirus transfection | Tail vein injection | |
Guo [88] | SD rats | MCAO/R | n = 6 | whole blood of SD | mAb GAP43 | Quercetin | Co-incubation | Tail vein injection | |
Glioma | Zhang [104] | C57BL/6 | GL261 | n = 40 | endothelial cells | – | Dox | Emulsion method | Tail vein injection |
Wang [105] | Nude Mouse | C6 | n = 30 | Neutrophils | – | Dox | Sonication | Tail vein injection | |
Zhu [107] | Nude Mouse | U87 | n = 20 | ESCs | c(RGDyK) | PTX | Co‐incubation | Tail vein injection | |
Li [108] | Nude Mouse | LN-229 | n = 35 | hMSCs | iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) | siGPX4/BQR | Electroporation | Tail vein injection | |
Zhan [110] | Nude Mouse | TBD0220 | n = 35 | Serum of healthy animals | – | cPLA2 siRNA/metformin | Electroporation | Tail vein injection | |
Parkinson’s disease | Cai [127] | C57BL/6 | PD | n = 24 | BMSCs | – | Gli1 | Plasmid transfection | Tail vein injection |
Peng [128] | C57BL/6 | PD | n = 35 | MSCs | RVG29 | curcumin | ultrasonically Oscillated /extrusion by mini-extruder | Intranasal administration | |
Kojima [129] | C57BL/6 | PD | n = 8 | hMSCs | RVG | Nanoluc mRNA | Electroporation transfection | Subcutaneous injection | |
Wang [130] | C57BL/6 | PD | n = 15 | hMSCs | – | PMA | Co‐incubation | Tail vein injection | |
Depression | Li [159] | BALB/c | chronic mild stress | n = 30 | Natural killer cells | – | miR-207 | – | Tail vein injection |
Guo [160] | Sprague–Dawley | the injury of hippocampal neurons | n = 100 | hMSCs | – | microRNA-26a | Lipofectamine kit | Tail vein injection | |
Huntington’s disease | García [164] | XBP1 flox/flox | YAC128 and R6/2 | n ≥ 77 | Neuro2a cell | – | Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) | Lipofectamine RNAiMAX kit | Stereotactic injection |
Lee[166] | HD | R6/2 line of transgenic | n = 22 | HEK 293 cells | – | miR-124 | Plasmid transfection | Stereotactic injection | |
Zhang [170] | C57BL/6 J | N171-82Q, BACHD, YAC128 | n ≥ 40 | Liver cells | RVG | mHTT siRNA | Naked DNA plasmids(genetic circuits) | Tail vein injection |