Table 1 Summary characteristics of final study cohort overall and separated into distinct sub-cohorts for internal–external cross-validation
From: Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis disease: a diagnosis model in China
Variables and categories | Overall study cohort (n = 444) | Development cohort (n = 311) | validation cohort (n = 133) |
|---|---|---|---|
AE-IPF, n (%) | 247(55.6) | 171(55.0) | 76(57.1) |
Age at onset (years) | 67.9 ± 9.8 | 67.6 ± 9.5 | 68.8 ± 7.1 |
Gender (male,%) | 357(80.4) | 248(79.7) | 109(82.0) |
Dyspnea, n (%) | 119(26.8) | 84(27.0) | 35(34.01) |
Comorbidities: | |||
Infection of lungs, n (%) | 291(65.5) | 207(66.6) | 84(63.2) |
Renal dysfunction, n (%) | 19(4.3) | 12(4.0) | 7(5.3) |
Hypertension, n (%) | 119(26.8) | 86(27.7) | 33(24.8) |
Diabetes, n (%) | 104(23.4) | 68(21.9) | 36(27.1) |
Admission indicators: | |||
Temperature, ℃ | 36.5(36.3–36.7) | 36.5(36.3–36.7) | 36.5(36.3–36.6) |
Breaths, minute | 20.0(20.0–22.0) | 20.0(20.0–22.0) | 20.0(20.0–22.0) |
Pulse, minute | 87.0(80.0–98.0) | 87.0(80.0–98.0) | 89.0(78.5–98.0) |
Systolic pressure, mmHg | 126.5(113.0–138.0) | 126.0(113.0–138.0) | 128.0(116.5–138.0) |
Diastolic pressure, mmHg | 77.0(69.00–85.00) | 76.0(69.0–85.0) | 78.0(71.5–85.0) |
Immune status at admission | |||
Leucocytes, 109/L | 7.3(6.0–9.2) | 7.4(6.11–9.3) | 7.1(5.8–8.7) |
Neutrophil, % | 66.1(57.50–76.50) | 66.0(57.9–76.5) | 66.5(56.7–76.6) |
Lymphocyte, % | 22.1(15.3–29.9) | 22.2(15.3–29.4) | 21.2(15.3–31.1) |
Monocyte, % | 6.9(5.0–8.6) | 6.9(5.3–8.6) | 6.6 ± 3.0 |
Neutrophil, 109/L | 4.8(3.6–6.6) | 4.9(3.7–6.5) | 4.6(3.4–6.7) |
Lymphocyte, 109/L | 1.6(1.1–2.0) | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.6(1.2–2.0) |
Monocyte, 109/L | 0.5(0.3–0.7) | 0.5(0.3–0.7) | 0.5(0.3–0.7) |
CD3+ T-lymphocyte, % | 67.1(57.4–75.5) | 66.9(56.3–75.4) | 68.3(59.4–75.8) |
CD4+ T-lymphocyte, % | 34.6(26.7–42.2) | 34.2 ± 10.9 | 34.0 ± 11.4 |
CD8+ T-lymphocyte, % | 26.4(20.0–34.8) | 26.4(19.2–33.8) | 26.3(21.4–37.9) |
CD4/CD8 | 1.3(0.8–1.9) | 1.3(0.9–2.0) | 1.2(0.8–1.8) |
Immunoglobulin G, g/L | 13.9(11.7–17.0) | 13.9(11.6–17.1) | 13.9(12.1–16.8) |
Immunoglobulin A, g/L | 2.9(2.2–3.8) | 2.9(2.2–3.7) | 3.0(2.1–4.1) |
Immunoglobulin M, g/L | 1.0(0.7–1.4) | 1.0(0.7–1.4) | 0.9(0.7–1.4) |
Total protein, g/L | 68.5 ± 6.5 | 68.3 ± 6.3 | 68.9 ± 7.1 |
Albumin, g/L | 38.7(35.2–41.7) | 38.6(34.9–41.7) | 38.7 ± 4.8 |
CO2 | 23.5(21.9–26.0) | 23.5(22.1–26.0) | 23.5(21.5–26.0) |