Will coronal alignment postoperatively be deteriorating in adult spinal deformity after long-fusion surgery?

Table 2 Surgical features in the two group

Variables	Consistency group (n = 75)	Opposition group (n = 86)	P
Coronal malalignment, n
Pre-operation	16	19	0.907
Post-operation	27	18	0.037*
Final follow-up	35	16	< 0.001*
			0.002^Δ; 0.705^♦ 0.04^Ψ
CBD, mm
Pre-operation	16.13 ± 15.37	17.35 ± 16.62	0.631
Post-operation	24.20 ± 18.33	18.23 ± 11.65	0.013*
Final follow-up	26.89 ± 21.20	19.67 ± 12.23	0.007*
CBD correction	23.41 ± 19.46	17.15 ± 16.20	0.027*
Major Cobb, °
Pre-operation	26.19 ± 12.78	25.57 ± 12.62	0.758
Post-operation	10.56 ± 7.33	11.69 ± 8.24	0.362
Final follow-up	10.98 ± 7.12	11.78 ± 8.31	0.516
Major Cobb correction	17.39 ± 10.24	13.84 ± 8.30	0.016*
L4 coronal tilt, °
Pre-operation	16.07 ± 7.83	12.01 ± 6.86	< 0.001*
Post-operation	8.81 ± 4.73	6.83 ± 4.64	0.008*
Final follow-up	8.75 ± 4.96	6.74 ± 4.16	0.006*
L4 tilt correction	8.49 ± 6.42	6.11 ± 3.9	0.004*
L5 coronal tilt, °
Pre-operation	8.99 ± 5.97	7.14 ± 4.53	0.027*
Post-operation	5.75 ± 3.96	4.74 ± 4.16	0.118
Final follow-up	5.86 ± 3.88	4.67 ± 4.52	0.077
L5 tilt correction	4.58 ± 4.31	3.29 ± 2.95	0.026*
Osteotomy segments	2.41 ± 1.18	2.16 ± 0.94	0.137
Instrumented segments	8.04 ± 2.3	8.39 ± 2.0	0.303
UIV, n
T10 or above	45	48	0.633
T11–L1	30	38
LIV, n
L5	20	32	0.178
Pelvic fixation	55	54

All of the parameters are numeric value. * indicates P < 0.05; ^Ψcomparison of all patients with CM between the pre-operation and the final follow-up; ^Δcomparisons between the pre-operation and the final follow-up in the consistency group; ^♦comparisons between the pre-operation and the final follow-up in the opposition group; CBD, coronal balance distance; UIV, upper instrumented vertebra; LIV, lower instrumented vertebra

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