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  1. We are laryngologists. We observe natural phonatory and swallowing functions in clinical examinations with a trans-nasal laryngeal fiberscope (TNLF). Before each observation, we use epinephrine to enlarge and ...

    Authors: Koichi Tsunoda, Ko Hentona and Yoshiharu Yamanobe
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:52
  2. Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an emergent ophthalmic disease which is commonly caused by atherosclerosis, thromboembolism, and arteriospasm. Here, we report a case of CRAO which is caused by extre...

    Authors: Lanbing Zhu, Na Xu and Yan Li
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:55
  3. Orthopaedic and trauma research is a gateway to better health and mobility, reflecting the ever-increasing and complex burden of musculoskeletal diseases and injuries in Germany, Europe and worldwide. Basic sc...

    Authors: Henning Madry, Susanne Grässel, Ulrich Nöth, Borna Relja, Anke Bernstein, Denitsa Docheva, Max Daniel Kauther, Jan Christoph Katthagen, Rainer Bader, Martijn van Griensven, Dieter C. Wirtz, Michael J. Raschke and Markus Huber-Lang
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:56
  4. Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that causes serious public health problems. This study aimed to identify Brucella strains isolated from various clinical samples by conventional and molecular methods a...

    Authors: Esra Gültekin, Muhammet Hamidullah Uyanık, Ayşe Albayrak and Selçuk Kılıç
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:57
  5. To determine the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis of intracranial angiitis.

    Authors: Xu Su, Liang Han, Mengxing Li, Zhengming Wang, Jiadui Gao, Yu Tian and Chao Du
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:58
  6. Femoral neck shortening can occur in young patients receiving internal fixation for Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture. The risk factors for neck shortening, which can affect hip function, are not clear. Th...

    Authors: Fulong Zhao, Lijuan Guo, Xuefei Wang and Yakui Zhang
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:59
  7. Listeriosis is one of the important emerging zoonotic disease affecting human health following the consumption of contaminated food of animal origin. It results in serious clinical complications in humans with...

    Authors: Kuma Diriba, Ephrem Awulachew and Kuma Diribsa
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:60
  8. The COVID-19 pandemic occurred and rapidly spread around the world. Some online dashboards have included essential features on a world map. However, only transforming data into visualizations for countries/reg...

    Authors: Daw-Hsin Yang, Tsair-Wei Chien, Yu-Tsen Yeh, Ting-Ya Yang, Willy Chou and Ju-Kuo Lin
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:61
  9. Differential diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic is difficult, due to similarities in clinical and radiological presentation between COVID-19 and other ILDs on the one h...

    Authors: Gaetano Zizzo, Stefano Caruso, Elisabetta Ricchiuti, Roberto Turato, Ilario Stefani and Antonino Mazzone
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:62
  10. Since 2011, screening maternal blood for cell-free foetal DNA (cffDNA) fragments has offered a robust clinical tool to classify pregnancy as low or high-risk for Down, Edwards, and Patau syndromes. With recent...

    Authors: Taccyanna M. Ali, Emilia Mateu-Brull, Nuria Balaguer, Camila Dantas, Haline Risso Borges, Mariana Quintans Guerra de Oliveira, Lorena Rodrigo, Inmaculada Campos-Galindo, Roser Navarro and Miguel Milán
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:64
  11. One of the opportunistic pathogens which cause serious problems in the human immune system is Toxoplasma gondii, with toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) seen in patients affected by it. The treatment of these patients ...

    Authors: Sekandarpour Sina, Jafari Modrek Mohammad, Shafiei Reza, Mohammadiha Anita, Etemadi Soudabeh and Mirahmadi Hadi
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:65
  12. Sjögren’s syndrome is rare in children and most often secondary. It frequently affects girls and is characterized by dry eye syndrome, mouth and sometimes systemic involvement. Its diagnosis is difficult to es...

    Authors: Kaba Condé, Carlos Othon Guelngar, Mamadou Ciré Barry, Hugues Ghislain Atakla, Awada Mohamed and Fodé Abass Cissé
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:66
  13. Since the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) began, necessary measures to prevent virus transmission and reduce mortality have been implemented, including mandatory pu...

    Authors: Omid Dadras, Seyed Ahmad Seyed Alinaghi, Amirali Karimi, Mehrzad MohsseniPour, Alireza Barzegary, Farzin Vahedi, Zahra Pashaei, Pegah Mirzapour, Amirata Fakhfouri, Ghazal Zargari, Solmaz Saeidi, Hengameh Mojdeganlou, Hajar Badri, Kowsar Qaderi, Farzane Behnezhad and Esmaeil Mehraeen
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:67
  14. There is still a certain gap between the effective implementation and requirements of sepsis bundle. Our aim is to establish the clinical nursing pathway of the cluster treatment of septic shock in the Intensi...

    Authors: Chun-Xia Liu, Xian-Lei Wang, Kun Zhang, Gui-Zhen Hao, Wei-Yan Han, Yi-Qing Tian, Lan Ge and Li-Min Shen
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:69
  15. Sepsis is a common complication of severe wound injury and infection, with a very high mortality rate. The P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, cangrelor, is an antagonist anti-platelet drug.

    Authors: Qiancheng Luo, Rui Liu, Kaili Qu, Guorong Liu, Min Hang, Guo Chen, Lei Xu, Qinqin Jin, Dongfeng Guo and Qi Kang
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:70
  16. Alport syndrome and C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) are rare kidney diseases, frequently responsible for familial haematuria, proteinuria, and renal impairment. With the rapid development of molecular genetic tes...

    Authors: Yin Ding, Xuanli Tang, Yuanyuan Du, Hongyu Chen, Dongrong Yu, Bin Zhu and Bohan Yuan
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:71
  17. Shoulder dislocation and the cases of iatrogenic fractures during manual reduction are becoming increasingly common. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics, management, and patient outcom...

    Authors: Xiaohui Pan, Yong Yao, Hongyong Yan, Jun Wang, Lei Dai, Xincong Qu, Zuyi Fang, Feng Feng and Yan Zhou
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:73
  18. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of four up/down-regulated inflammatory miRNAs and their mRNA targets in the serum samples of COVID-19 patients with different grades. Also, we investigated ...

    Authors: Reza Keikha, Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri and Ali Jebali
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:75
  19. Current research about hemifacial microsomia (HFM) patients after distraction osteogenesis (DO) most emphasize the morphologic changes. This case report shows the outcome of DO on the upper airway of a HFM pat...

    Authors: Rongyang Wang, Shixing Xu and Ruimei Yang
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:76
  20. Among the several complications associated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), airway compromise is considered one of the serious life-threatening conditions and usually requires emergent trea...

    Authors: Dong-Gune Chang, Jong-Beom Park, Hong Jin Kim and Soo-Bin Park
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:77
  21. Patients with maxillofacial deformities require orthognathic surgeries to correct occlusion. The surgical procedure may lead to massive bleeding, which is associated with haematoma, respiratory obstruction, an...

    Authors: Chenyu Jin, Xiang Lv, Yu Sun and Hong Jiang
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:78
  22. The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has affected mortality worldwide. The Cox proportional hazard (CPH) model is becoming more popular in time-to-event data analysis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinic...

    Authors: Ghodsiyeh Azarkar and Freshteh Osmani
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:79
  23. It is necessary to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in newborns with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).

    Authors: Yan Hu, Yun Ling, Yingying Ye, Lu Zhang, Xiaojing Xia, Qianwen Jiang and Fang Sun
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:80
  24. Nucleus pulposus cells’ (NPCs’) degeneration is mainly responsible for the intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which is closely related to inflammatory response. Among the major proinflammatory factors tha...

    Authors: Cenhao Wu, Jun Ge, Ming Yang, Qi Yan, Yingjie Wang, Hao Yu, Huilin Yang and Jun Zou
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:81
  25. Previous studies have shown the association between Campylobacter species infection and that environmental factors, poor oral hygiene in particular, are linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer (EC). Howe...

    Authors: Arisara Poosari, Thitima Nutravong, Prakasit Sa-ngiamwibool, Wises Namwat, Supaporn Chatrchaiwiwatana and Piti Ungareewittaya
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:82
  26. Brain abscess due to the Nocardia genus is rarely reported and it is usually found in immunocompromised patients. Treatment of Nocardia brain abscess is troublesome and requires consideration of the severity of t...

    Authors: Jiangqin Song, Lian Dong, Yan Ding and Junyang Zhou
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:83
  27. The COVID-19 pandemic has markedly impacted on cultural, political, and economic structures all over the world. Several aspects of its pathogenesis and related clinical consequences have not yet been elucidate...

    Authors: Filippo Migliorini, Ernesto Torsiello, Filippo Spiezia, Francesco Oliva, Markus Tingart and Nicola Maffulli
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:84
  28. Streptococcus suis (Ss) is a Gram-positive and anaerobic zoonotic pathogen that is susceptible to all populations and can cause meningitis, septicemia, endocarditis and arthritis in humans.

    Authors: Eryi Zhao, Daimei Wang, Na Li, Shixiong Huang, Zhongyan Zhao, Shijun Hu, Xiangying He and Guoqiang Wen
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:85
  29. As one of the leading causes of elderly patients’ hospitalisation, proximal femur fractures (PFFs) will present an increasing socioeconomic problem in the near future. This is a result of the demographic chang...

    Authors: H. Fischer, T. Maleitzke, C. Eder, S. Ahmad, U. Stöckle and K. F. Braun
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:86
  30. COVID-19 infection is a major threat to patients and health care providers around the world. One solution is the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.

    Authors: Johannes C. Fischer, Albrecht G. Schmidt, Edwin Bölke, Verena Keitel, Torsten Feldt, Björn Jensen, Noemi F. Freise, Dieter Häussinger, E. Marion Schneider, Derik Hermsen, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Jan Haussmann, Balint Tamaskovics, Christian Plettenberg, Kathrin Scheckenbach…
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:87

    The Correction to this article has been published in European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:104

  31. Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases. Despite the great variety and prevalence of antiepileptic drug treatments, one-third of epilepsies remain drug resistant. The frontal lobe is e...

    Authors: Jia Zhang, Heng Zhang, Yang Li, Meng Yuan, Jinxiu Zhang, Huan Luo, Zeshan Yao and Jing Gan
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:88
  32. Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma (PAS) is a very rare disease, its prevalence is about 0.001–0.003%. PAS is often misdiagnosed as acute or chronic pulmonary thromboembolism due to its clinical presentation and...

    Authors: Xiaofang Bai and Litao Ruan
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:89
  33. We present a case of bacterial endocarditis with both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which based on typing, originated from two distinct clones. Such a case may be misinter...

    Authors: Yotam Kolben, Yuval Ishay, Henny Azmanov, Assaf Rokney, Moti Baum, Sharon Amit and Ran Nir-Paz
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:91
  34. Herpes zoster (HZ), or shingles, is a clinical syndrome resulting from the reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus (VZV) within the sensory ganglia. We evaluated the safety and tolerability of ES16001 (e...

    Authors: Jeon Hwang-Bo, Byungwook Kim, Dae Won Park, Yeong-Geun Lee, Jeong Eun Kwon, Jae-Yong Chung and Se Chan Kang
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:92
  35. To investigate the value of Dickkopf-related protein 3 (DKK3) on aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic cancer cells, where DKK3-overexpression is used to determine its effects on CD4+ T cells.

    Authors: Qingqu Guo, Yiming Chu, Hongbo Li, Dike Shi, Lele Lin, Weifeng Lan and Dan Wu
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:93
  36. The purpose of present study was to explore the mechanism of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B(PKB/Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling...

    Authors: Zheng Li, Xiao Wang, Tian-pei Hong, Hao-jie Wang, Zhan-yi Gao and Meng Wan
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:94
  37. Oxygenation serves as a cornerstone in the treatment of COVID-19, and several methods have been extensively studied so far. Herein, we aimed to systematically review the studies discussing hyperbaric oxygen th...

    Authors: Shahram Oliaei, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Mohammad Mehrtak, Amirali Karimi, Tayebeh Noori, Pegah Mirzapour, Alireza Shojaei, Mehrzad MohsseniPour, Seyed Peyman Mirghaderi, Sanam Alilou, Parnian Shobeiri, Hadiseh Azadi Cheshmekabodi, Esmaeil Mehraeen and Omid Dadras
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:96
  38. Interventricular septal hematoma is an extremely rare complication following congenital heart surgery. During cardiac surgery, interventricular septal hematomas can be detected only by intraoperative transesop...

    Authors: Young-Eun Jang, Jin-Tae Kim and Ji-Hyun Lee
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:97
  39. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is associated with a wide clinical spectrum of skin manifestations, including urticarial, vesicular, vasculitic and chilblain‐like lesions. Recently, delayed skin reacti...

    Authors: Norman-Philipp Hoff, Noemi F. Freise, Albrecht G. Schmidt, Parnian Firouzi-Memarpuri, Julia Reifenberger, Tom Luedde, Edwin Bölke, Stephan Meller, Bernhard Homey, Torsten Feldt, Björn Erik Ole Jensen, Verena Keitel, Livia Schmidt, Kitti Maas, Jan Haussmann, Balint Tamaskovics…
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:98
  40. This study aimed to present the case of a boy with acute distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with low-dose umbilical cord blood (UCB) therapy and explore the underlying possible mechanism.

    Authors: Shuang Liu, Huili Shen, Siyuan Huang, Rong Liu and Dong Qu
    Citation: European Journal of Medical Research 2021 26:100

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