Fig. 1

Formulations based on nanomaterials for managing medical diseases characterized by abnormal angiogenesis. Abnormal angiogenesis contributes to the evolution of various disorders, including tumors, diabetic retinopathy, chronic wounds, cardiovascular disease, nerve and bone tissue degeneration, and the wet form of age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD), among others. It is possible to use nanostructures with unique anti-angiogenic or pro-angiogenic properties separately or as a component of biodegradable polymeric scaffolds to manage such illnesses. Various potential nanostructures, some of which have had their surfaces modified with peptides, such as RGD and VEGF, might be used as carrier instruments for targeted drug delivery in various applications. VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, RGD arginine–glycine–aspartate