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Table 2 Association between apelin levels and sex, smoking, opium use and the severity of lung involvement in COVID-19 patients. The data are in Median (IQR)

From: Changes in serum levels of apelin and nitric oxide in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: association with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and severity of disease

 

Apelin (ng/ml)

P value

Sex

 Male (54.5%)

81.1 (39.6)

 

 Female

84.4 (63)

0.3

Opium use

 Yes (24.8%)

61.6 (55.2)

 

 No

84 (49)

0.09

Smoking

 Yes (10.7%)

69.1 (50)

 

 No

82 (50)

0.2

Chest CT

 Negative (31.4%)

90.2 (59)

 

 With ground-glass change (31.4%)

80 (46)

0.05

 With consolidations (37.1%)

79.4 (38)

0.01

  1. The difference among groups was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests